indiv dif 8- mood

Question 1

Beedie, Terry & Lane (2005): Conceptual separation:

what 2 methods did they use to distinguish mood and emotion

Answer 1

asked non psychologists and psychologists

Question 2

Common Mood-Emotion distinction made by academics and lay respondents

Answer 2

diff
- experience (felt vs thought)
- awareness of cause
- about smth vs nit
- brief vs enduring

Question 3

Individual Differences in Mood

findings

Answer 3

• each person mood varies across days
• clear diff between ppl. some people generally feel more positive mood than other people
• mood one day signif predict mood another day
• ppl also vary in how variable their moods are from day to day

Question 4

two dimensions of Watson and Tellegen structure of mood

Answer 4

positive affect
high = active, excited
low = drowsy
Negative affect
high = distressed

Question 5

evidence hapiness and sadness cam occour at same time

Answer 5

• during films
• during music

Question 6

3 dimensional modal of mood

Answer 6

• Tense arousal (anxious vs calm)
• Energetic arousal (active vs idle)
• Hedonic tone (pleased, cheerful vs gloomy, sad)

Question 7

Contemporaneous Mood Assessment

Answer 7

How happy do you feel right now?

Question 8

Contemporaneous Mood Assessment

positives

Answer 8

Accurate snapshot of mood state.
Free of (memory-related) cognitive biases.
Temporal precision.

Question 9

Contemporaneous Mood Assessment limitations

Answer 9

A single snapshot only.
Interfere with everyday activities.
Tells you nothing about people’s memories of their experiences …
…which influence future behaviour;
… inform our sense of wellbeing;
.. and contribute to our sense of who we are!

Question 10

Peak-End Theory

Answer 10

e.g. Redelmeier and Kahneman (1996)
Patients’ retrospective ratings were strongly influenced by Peak and End experiences.
Lower correlations with duration of experiences (‘duration neglect’).

Question 11

Do mood stereotypes reflect actual moods experienced?
Do mood stereotypes influence memories of previous mood?

Answer 11

Little evidence that mood stereotypes reflect real moods.
For Mondays: Mood stereotypes were a better predictor of remembered mood than actual moods were.

Question 12

Most methods for assessing individual differences in mood involve retrospective judgements

So, subject to biases associated with retrospective judgement e.g.

Answer 12

Your current mood.
Your most extreme mood state during the period covered (‘peak’ mood).
Your mood state at the end of the period covered (‘end’ mood).
Beliefs, stereotypes, and expectations about mood patterns.