Induction Flashcards
what is science seen as
epistemology and metaphysics
define epistemology
the study of knowledge
define knowledge
true belief that is justified
define metaphysics
the study of the fundamental nature of reality
what is regarded as the highest form of rationality?
the scientific method
it provides the highest justification for our beliefs
What does the rational model. consist of?
- a goal of science
- the production of theories
- some of the principle or set of principles that are specified for comparing rival theories
what are the internal factors for scientific change?
-relate to the features of the theories
what are the external factors for scientific change?
relate to the proponents themselves
- social climate and time
Rationalist
-gives the principles which provide for the objective assessment of the different merits of the rival theories against any given background of evidence, theories have to be compatible
irrationality
-theories are incommensurable
what makes concepts incomparable?
the shift in the meaning of words
observational terms
though to be directly applicable to their experience
- their meaning was specified in terms of the verification and falsification conditions
what are Thomas Kuhn and Paul Fougera’s arguments?
scientific communities embody unattainable about:
- the objectivity of truth
- relationships between evidence and hypothesis
- difference in meaning
pessimistic induction
every theory up to now is false, what makes this one true
truth likeness
the possibility that one false theory is closer to the truth than the current one
