Industrial policies of Lenin Flashcards

1
Q

What are two main policies by Lenin that could be described as industrial in certain aspects?

A

State capitalism, war communism and the NEP.

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2
Q

Why did Lenin believe state capitalism was essential to help the war?

A

-to survive the effects
-lots of opposition from Brest Litosvick

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3
Q

What nullified any positive impacts of state capitalism?

A

-the civil war.

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4
Q

Example of how the civil war knocked industry?

A

-coal fell form 29M tonnes to 8.9M tonnes from 1913-1929

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5
Q

What were the statistics on how bad inflation had got by 1917?

A

-October 1920- only 1% of what it was worth in 1917. (roubles),

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6
Q

What were lots of services described as during the worst part of inflation?

A

‘in kind’- impossible to charge for them/ be paid in the same way.

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7
Q

What did Lenin use alongside state capitalism?

A

war communism

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8
Q

What were the key features of war communism?

A

-Nationalisation of industry
-Partial militarisation of labour (meeting war needs)
-Grain requisitioning

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9
Q

Who would be given the grain that was requisitioned?

A

-urban workers and army

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10
Q

What were the key features of the new economic policy?

A

-denationalisation
-state control on heavy industry but trusts responsible for money and payments.
-removal of restrictions of private goods
-foreign trade ect.
-end grain requisitioning.

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11
Q

What were the short- term impacts of NEP?

A

-industrial output increased
-emergence of the Nepmen. (3/4 of all trade)
-monthly wage increase
-grain, coal increased in production.

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12
Q

How much trade were ‘Nepmen’ responsible for?

A

60%

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13
Q

Why were people becoming increasingly annoyed by Nepmen?

A

‘underhand wheeling and dealing’

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14
Q

What was a negative impact of the NEP?

A

-Scissors crisis- had more food produced than domestic demand so prices decreased
-Manufactured foods increased at a much slower pace.

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15
Q

What were the consequences of war communism?

A

-decline in industrial workers from 3M in 1917 to 1.25M in 1922.
-Population decrease of St Petersburg.

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16
Q

Under war communism what did Trotsky call trade unions?

A

‘unnecessary chatterboxes’

17
Q

Under war communism what was the decree of nationalisation?

A

-all businesses with 10 or more employees owned by state.

18
Q

In 1920s, workers were brought under military discipline under war communism, what did this mean?

A

-pay non-negotiable
-no questioning orders
-severe penalties for poor workmanship.

19
Q

What 3 decrees were issued in 1917 under state capitalism?

A

1.land- divided and gave to peasants
2.decree on workers control- workers committees ran factories
3.supreme economic council to run nationalised industries.