Industrial Revolution Flashcards
(11 cards)
What was the Industrial Revolution (I.R.)?
A process of profound economic, social, cultural and technological transformations that took place between 1760 and 1840
Where did the I.R. originate?
England
What were the causes of the I.R.?
Renaissance, capitalism and liberalism
What is renaissance?
A new appreciation of science and knowledge, free of religion centered rather on human reason
What is capitalism?
A new eco-political system where property, business and industry are controlled by private owners rather than by the state, with the purpose of making profits
What is liberalism?
The need to produce one’s own consumer goods
What were the consequences of the I.R.?
Mechanisation of labor and large factories, changes in economic structure and society, and growth in cities and rural flight
What did mechanisation lead to?
A decline in craftmanship and the displacement of workshops by large manufacturing centres
What were the economic structure and societal changes?
A new social class called the workers aka the proletariat was created
Advances in transport, improved productivity and increased per capita income
What caused city growth and rural flight?
All the work that wasn’t mechanised now is and therefore people don’t have jobs. They then flee to the cities for work in factories because it’s their only option
What were the main inventions in the I.R.?
Spinning machine
Steam engine
Steam boat
Railroad
Bicycle
Typewriter
