Industrial Revolution-Exam Review

Question 1

Industrialization

Answer 1

The use of new sources of power to run machinery to make products.

Question 2

Canals

Answer 2

A way of transportation using boats. Better for heavier shipping.

Question 3

Capital

Answer 3

Money available to invest in something that may make more money.

Question 4

Natural Resources

Answer 4

Useful substances found in nature.

Question 5

Entrepreneur

Answer 5

A risk taker whose goal is to make profits.

Question 6

Subsistence Economy

Answer 6

Situation in which what is produced is only enough on which to live.

Question 7

Labour

Answer 7

People ready, willing, and able to work.

Question 8

Bessemer Process

Answer 8

Was the process of making more strong flexible steel.

Question 9

Steam Power

Answer 9

Is a heat engine that performs mechanical working using steam as its working fluid.

Question 10

Stable Government

Answer 10

Is the mechanism through which the basic human needs of the population are largely met. Which is respect for minority rights is assured, conflicts are managed peacefully through inclusive political processes, and competition for power occurs non-violently.

Question 11

Transportation

Answer 11

Permits the passage of materials, labour, and ideas from one area to another.

Question 12

Watermill

Answer 12

A structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to power a machine that grinds, rolls, or hammers. It is needed to make materials like flour, lumber, paper, metals, etc.

Question 13

Great Stink

Answer 13

Pollution of the River Thames created unsanitary conditions in England. (Even death)

Question 14

Factory Act 1833

Answer 14

Parliament set up a committee to investigate abuses of child labour. As a result of the findings, new law made it illegal to hire children under 9 y/o.

Question 15

Unions

Answer 15

Workers joined in groups. It speaks for all workers in a particular trade. They bargain for better working conditions and higher wages and better hours.

Question 16

Navvies

Answer 16

They built railroads-cutting (remove soil or rock from a route), tunnels, etc. Many were Irish and desperate for work.

Question 17

Cotton

Answer 17

A soft white fibrous substance that is used to make fiber and thread for sewing.

Question 18

Child Labour

Answer 18

Factories wanted cheap, unskilled labour to lower the cost of production so they used children, also because they could pay them less.

Question 19

Chart that describes how life changed as a result of the Industrial Revolution.

Question 20

Sources of Power

Answer 20

Before:
-Manual, wind, sun, water.
After:
Human, animal, wind, water, steam, coal, oil, gas, nuclear, energy.

Question 21

Where most people live

Answer 21

Before: Rural, Farm Areas.
After: Cities, suburbs.

Question 22

Where most people work

Answer 22

Before: Farms.
After: Factories, places of business, cities.

Question 23

Principal source of education

Answer 23

Before: Family
After: Jobs, Formal schooling.

Question 24

Sources of food and clothing

Answer 24

Before: Handmade, homegrown.
After: Factories, machines.

Question 25

Size of families

Answer 25

Before: Large (needed to help with farming). After: Nuclear (parent and children -two generations).

Question 26

Sense of time influenced by

Answer 26

Before: Season, sunup and sundown. After: Clocks, calendar, workday.

Question 27

Means of transportation

Answer 27

Before: Horse and wagon, by foot, boat. After: Buggy, train.

Question 28

Means of communication

Answer 28

Better: Letters, pigeons, words of mouth. After: Letters, telegraph.

Question 29

8 Factors needed for Industrialization to occur

Question 30

1.Excess Capital

Answer 30

Extra that can be invested into new investments. It may produce more profits in areas like farming.

Question 31

2.Available Labour

Answer 31

Having enough people who are willing and able to work the factories or railroads.

Question 32

3.Entrepreneurs

Answer 32

A risk taker whose goal is to make profits.

Question 33

4+5.Natural Resources and Energy Sources

Answer 33

Needed for developing the nations power. -Substances that can be burned: timber, oil, coal, natural gas. -Fast running water can produce electricity that can create nuclear power.

Question 34

6+7.Transportation and Communication

Answer 34

This network permits the passage of materials, labour, and ideas from one area to another.

Question 35

8.Stable Government

Answer 35

Is the mechanism through which the basic human needs of the population are largely met. Which is respect for minority rights is assured, conflicts are managed peacefully through inclusive political processes, and competition for power occurs non-violently.

Question 36

Can the Industrial Revolution occur if one or more of the factors are missing?

Answer 36

The Industrial Revolution cannot occur if any of the factors are missing.

Question 37

Provide 3 reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in England.

Answer 37

The new inventions, access to raw material, trade routes and partners, social changes, and a stable government. (Had all 8 factors)

Question 38

Provide 3 reasons why it was dangerous in factories and/or mines.

Answer 38

-Boilers could explode, drive belt could catch a limb. -Extreme temperatures. -Workers inhaling lots smoke caused damaged lungs.

Question 39

What was the purpose of tollbooths?

Answer 39

To pay for the upkeep of the roads. (You were charged to use the road and had to pay at the tollbooth.

Question 40

What problems were created as a result of rapid industrialization?

Answer 40

1.Pollution 2.Overcrowding 3.Sanitation 4.Spread of Disease

Question 41

How did the railway impact British society?

Answer 41

-Fresh food (food being imported faster) -Seaside resorts develop -Football league developed -Poor able to travel cheaply -Kick started the Industrial Revolution (business able to transport goods cheaply) -Cost of coal went down -Standardized time -New towns developed

Question 42

Provide 3 specific results of the Industrial Revolution

Answer 42

1.The production of goods was greatly increased. 2.Machines were substituted for human labour in all methods pf production. 3.There was a dramatic shirt fro their income on wages paid by employers.