Industry vocab Flashcards
(35 cards)
Acid Deposition
Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, that enter the atmosphere- where they combine with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid and return to Earth’s surface.
Agglomeration economie
Economy in which like things are put together to their benefit all businesses. But bringing all people to one area increases congestion.
Asian Tigers
Four Asian Pacific rim nations that are playing an increasingly important role as well as in the global economy.S. Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong.
Assembly line production/Fordism/Fordist Production
Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly.
Bid rent theory
geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the Central Business District (CBD) increases.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
The amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste; measure of water pollution.
Break-of-bulk point
A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.
Bulk-gaining Industry
An industry in which the final product weighs more of compromises a greater volume than the inputs
Central Business District
he downtown or nucleus of a city where retail stores, offices, and cultural activities are concentrated; building densities are usually quite high; and transportation systems converge.
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
a gas used as a solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers.
Comparative advantage
the ability of an individual, firm, or country to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other producers.
Cottage Industry
manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found prior to the Industrial Revolution
Deglomeration
the dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration.
E-waste
discarded electrical or electronic devices.
economies of scale
factors that cause a producer’s average cost per unit to fall as output rises
Ecotourism
tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature
Ferrous
Metals, including iron, that are utilized in the production of iron and steel.
Footloose Industries
Industries that are able to shift the location of their facilities in order to take advantage of cheap labor.
Greenhouse Effect
The anticipated increase in Earth’s temperature caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface.
Industrial Revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.
Infrastructure
The basic structure of services, installations, and facilities needed to support industrial, agricultural, and other economic development; included are transport and communications, along with water, power, and other public utilities.
Labor-intensive industry
An industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses.
Major manufacturing regions
A region in which manufacturing activities have clustered together. The major U.S. industrial region has historically been in the Great Lakes, which includes the states of Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania. Industrial regions also exist in southeastern Brazil, central England, around Tokyo, Japan, and elsewhere.
Maquiladora
Factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of muc lower labor costs in Mexico.
