Infancy and Childhood Flashcards
what is weight gain for infants like?
tripling within the first 4 years. still rapid growth from 4-5 years but not quite as fast.
growth charts use what patterns to assess progress?
height, weight, head circumference, given in percentiles
what is catchup growth
child has accelerated growth beyond what a normal growth curve will be to make up for any slow going at first
what are the eating patterns of infancy?
- nursing period: breast milk 4-6 months
- transitional period: semi-solid with high milk consumption 6-10 months
- modified adult period: most food = adult food > 10 months
when is cow’s milk started to be okay?
not in the first year but after
when is partly skimmed milk not recommended?
first 2 years (inadequate energy and vitamin content)
risks of formula feeding?
- overdilution/underdilution
- must sterilize it via heating
- can burn the kid
- dental carries
- inappropriate milk substitutes (not good for the first couple years of life)
why is soy not a good idea for the little lads?
too much manganese which can heck up their neurodevelopment
why is goat’s milk bad for the little lads?
low in folic acid, vit b6, b12, much higher protein content (dehydration from high solute load), associated to tetany due to excessive phosphate over calcium,
what are some developmental landmarks associated with the progression of eating behavior?
- tongue comes forward
- sitting posture
- chewing movements
- scissor grasp
what foods to avoid before 4-5 months?
foods with a lot of nitrites: spinach, collards, carrots, beets, turnip
what makes fruit juices risky to babies?
too much sorbitol
how to go about allergies?
wait 3 days after introduction of new food
what kinds of food components should be limited?
- salt
- sugar
- sugar substitutes
- fats and oils containing harmful fats
why is too much sorbitol bad?
draws water into the colon and makes diarrhea
