Infant nutrition chapter 8 Flashcards
(36 cards)
double their birth weight by
4-6 months of age
triple at
1 year
what causes infant mortality
malformationa, premature/ lbw, SIDS, injuries and maternal complications
what contributes to infant mortality rate
socio economic levels, bad access to health care, medical interventions like c-section, induced labour, teen preg, increased incidence of multiple births,
the reflexes
rooting, sucking, swallowing, breathings,
what is the main causes for poor cognitive, motor, and socioemotional development
severe,acute, undernutrition
how long does it take for the git to develop
6 months, start in the womb when swallowing the amniotic fluid
energy needs
80-120 kcals /kg in first 6 month
7-12 months: 98kcla/kg
but depends on weight, growth, sleep, wake, temperature, physical activity, metabolic response to food, health status
protein need
0-6: 1.52g/kg
7-12: 1.2g/kg
fat needs
needed for neurological needs- should never restric cholesterol
0-6: 31g
7-12: 30g
half the calories in bm is fat
provides essential fatty acids: alpha linolenic, linoleic DHA (brain, retinal phospholipds, ARACHIDONIC acid which contribute to hormaones, steroids, endocrine, neuroactive compounds
uses it up quickly so cannot sleep through the night
where does the body get its energy
carbs- if not then breakdown muscles
what is the most common chronic desease in childhood
dental caries
floride will help
vit d
AI:400ius for infant
bm only has 22IU/ L
fe
from 4-12 months an infants blood volume doubles
if low: cause cognitive and motor development , socio- emotional impairment (wary, hesitant, unhappy)
AI: 0.27MG/DAY
WHAT TOOLS ARE USED TO MESURE BABIES
scales, measuring boards, head circumference mesuring
what do WHO and CDC growth charts show
weight for age
lenghs for age
weight for lenghs
head circumference for age
WHO growth cahrt
2006, include for 0-24 months for each gender, based on longitudial study who are exclussively or predominently breastfed and living in urban area, middle class, in brazil, Ghana, Oman, Norway, India, and USA- were all consistent with each other.
what does bm have that formula doesnt
immunoglobulins, lysozymes, lactoferrin
why not feed the baby cows milk
IDA, from low iron availability from gastrointestional blood loss or lack of of other iron rich foods
what are the sign that the baby wants real food
watches food being prepared
tight fists or reaching for the spoon
geting upset if pace is too slow
what are signs that bab is getting full
starts to play with food, slows pace of eating, spits out food
what hapens if meal time is not enjoyable
later in life casn become very picky, food refusal, bad behavior at mealtime
when should a bay start using a cup
as they approach 1 year - encourages speech development
what is the first food
infasnt cereal with breast milk- single ingredient foods- use the same food for 3-5 days- never add salt or sugar- do not buy baby desserts, 1 tbs
ex, apple sauce, sweet and non potatoes, yogurt, pears, bananas, watermellow, cheerio
