Infection and Response Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is an infectious disease?
An infectious disease is a disorder caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.
True or False: All infectious diseases are caused by viruses.
False
What are pathogens?
Pathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease.
Name one example of a viral infection.
Influenza, HIV
What is the role of the immune system in infectious diseases?
The immune system protects the body by identifying and destroying pathogens.
Fill in the blank: Bacteria are ____ organisms.
Prokaryotic
What is antibiotic resistance?
Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic.
True or False: Antibiotics can manage all infectious diseases.
False- only manages bacteria, not viruses
What is the difference between a virus and a bacterium?
Viruses are smaller than bacteria and require a host cell to replicate, while bacteria can reproduce independently.
Name one method of transmission for infectious diseases.
Direct contact, air droplets, fluid sharing
What is a zoonotic disease?
A zoonotic disease is an infectious disease that is transmitted from animals to humans.
Fill in the blank: The process by which a pathogen enters the body is called _____.
infection
What is the significance of the ‘epidemic’ term?
An epidemic refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in a population.
True or False: Infectious diseases can only be spread through physical contact.
False
What type of pathogen causes malaria?
Protozoa
Name one common symptom of infectious diseases.
Fever
What is the purpose of public health measures in controlling infectious diseases?
To prevent the spread of diseases and protect community health.
Fill in the blank: The immune response involves both ____ and ____ immunity.
innate, adaptive
What is herd immunity?
Herd immunity occurs when a large percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, making its spread unlikely.
True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.
False
What is the function of vaccines?
Vaccines stimulate the primary immune response without infecting the recipient, allowing for the secondary immune response to be triggered immediately if a pathogen actually invades
Name one way to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.
Handwashing
What is a pandemic?
A pandemic is an epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents.
True or False: All infectious diseases can be cured with medication.
False
