Infection and response

Question 2

What is a pathogen?

Answer 2

A microorganism that causes disease.

Question 3

True or False: Bacteria are always harmful to humans.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Name three types of pathogens.

Answer 4

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Question 5

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 5

To defend the body against infection.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Vaccines help the body develop _____ against specific pathogens.

Answer 6

immunity

Question 7

What is an antibiotic?

Answer 7

A medication that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria.

Question 8

True or False: Viruses can be treated with antibiotics.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What is the role of the immune system?

Answer 9

To protect the body from infections and diseases.

Question 10

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of pathogen? A) Bacteria B) Virus C) Antibiotic

Answer 10

C) Antibiotic

Question 11

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 11

The process by which a cell engulfs and digests pathogens.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The body’s first line of defense against pathogens includes the _____ and mucous membranes.

Answer 12

skin

Question 13

What is herd immunity?

Answer 13

When a large percentage of a population is immune to a disease, reducing its spread.

Question 14

True or False: Antibodies are produced by white blood cells.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

Answer 15

Active immunity is developed through exposure to a pathogen, while passive immunity is acquired through antibodies from another source.

Question 16

Multiple choice: Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) Tuberculosis B) Influenza C) Athlete’s foot

Answer 16

B) Influenza

Question 17

Define zoonotic disease.

Answer 17

A disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The _____ response involves the release of histamines and other chemicals during an allergic reaction.

Answer 18

immune

Question 19

What is the role of T-cells in the immune response?

Answer 19

To destroy infected cells and help activate other immune cells.

Question 20

True or False: Vaccines can contain weakened or inactive forms of pathogens.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What does the term ‘pathogenic’ mean?

Answer 21

Capable of causing disease.

Question 22

Multiple choice: What type of pathogen is responsible for malaria? A) Bacteria B) Virus C) Protozoa

Answer 22

C) Protozoa

Question 23

What is the significance of the skin in the immune system?

Answer 23

It acts as a physical barrier to prevent pathogens from entering the body.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: _______ are proteins that help identify and neutralize pathogens.

Answer 24

Antibodies

Question 25

What is a vaccine's main purpose?

Answer 25

To stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens.

Question 26

True or False: Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve to survive exposure to antibiotics.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the function of the lymphatic system in relation to infection?

Answer 27

To transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.

Question 28

Multiple choice: Which immune cells are primarily responsible for the humoral immune response? A) T-cells B) B-cells C) Macrophages

Answer 28

B) B-cells

Question 29

What is a common symptom of an infection?

Answer 29

Fever, fatigue, or inflammation.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the immune system that produces antibodies.

Answer 30

B-cell

Question 31

What is the term for the practice of exposing a person to a small amount of a pathogen to build immunity?

Answer 31

Inoculation

Question 32

True or False: All bacteria are harmful.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is the term for a disease that spreads rapidly through a population?

Answer 33

Epidemic

Question 34

What is the role of macrophages in the immune response?

Answer 34

To engulf and digest pathogens and dead cells.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The _____ response is the body's immediate reaction to pathogens.

Answer 35

innate

Question 36

What is the primary function of the spleen in the immune system?

Answer 36

To filter blood and help fight infections.

Question 37

True or False: Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the purpose of a diagnostic test in infection control?

Answer 38

To identify the type of pathogen causing an infection.