Infection Control

Question 1

What is hand hygiene?

Answer 1

1. It is a physical removal of the microorganism in the hands with the use soap and water
2. It is indicated when hands are exposed to blood and other body fluids and when caring with px who had suspected c. Defficile and norovirus

Question 2

What are the other indications of hand hygiene?

Answer 2

1. After using the toilet
2. When hands are visibly soiled with blood and body fluids.
3. Before preparing the medication
4. Before preparing food
5. Before putting on the gloves
6. Immediately after removal of gloves

Question 3

What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene

Answer 3

1. Before touching the px
2. Before clean/ aseptic procedure
3. After exposure to blood or body fluid risk
4. After touching the px
5. After touching the px environment

Question 4

What is super bugs?

Answer 4

• These are microorganisms that had developed resistance to one or more medication that were used to treat them.
• they are harder to treat and tends to make u quiet sick

Question 5

What is handrub?

Answer 5

Done to reduce the number of microorganism in the hand that is not visibly soiled with the use of alcohol gel, liquid or foam

Question 6

How to prevent superbugs?

Answer 6

1. Dont overuse or misuse.
   - finish the full course of the antibiotic as prescribed
   - dont take antibiotic for viral infection such cold and flu
2. Prevent transmission by handwashing and cough ettiquette
3. Dont share and use leftover antibiotics
4. Report antibiotic- resistant infection to surveillance team.

Question 7

Types of superbugs

Answer 7

MRSA
VRE
ESBL

Question 8

What is standard precaution?

Answer 8

This is a group of infection prevention practices that applies to patients, suspected or confirmed infection status in any healthcare setting

Question 9

Types of standard precautions

Answer 9

1. Hand hygiene
2. Use of PPE
3. Disinfection and sanitation of px environment and equipments to be used for another px
4. Safe injection practices

Question 10

What is transmission based precaution?

Answer 10

It is a second tier of basic infection control used as an addition to standard precaution to prevent the spread / transmission of the infectious agent from an infected person.

Question 11

Types of transmission based

Answer 11

1. Limit movement
2. Negative pressure isolation
3. Physical distancing
   4.

Question 12

Types of transmission based precaution

Answer 12

1. Contact precaution
2. Droplet
3. Airborne

Question 13

What is airborne precaution?

Answer 13

This is used for infection spread through small airborne particles that had been suspended in the air

Question 14

Examples of airborne microorganisms

Answer 14

TB
Measles
Chickenpox
Sars

Question 15

What is contact transmission

Answer 15

a direct or indirect contact on contaminated surfaces and body fluids

Question 16

Types of contact microganisms

Answer 16

C. Defficile
Norovirus
Mrsa
Vre

Question 17

What is droplet infc

Answer 17

This inf spreads through large droplets by coughing, sneezing, talking

Question 18

Droplet microorganisms

Answer 18

Rubella
Mumps
Influenza
Whooping cough

Question 19

What are HCAI

Answer 19

1. SSI (surgical site inf)
2. Hospital acquired pneumonia
3. Cauti
4. Gastoenteritis
5. Blood stream inf

Question 20

What is SSI?

Answer 20

Surgical site infection

Infection in the wound site during or post surrgery
There is inflammation, redness and pain

Question 21

Hosp acquired pneumonia

Answer 21

Lung infection esp to intensive care unit

Sx coughing, shortness of breath and fever

Question 22

Cauti

Answer 22

Infection in the urinary tract esp with catheters

Pain in urinating, difficulty in urinating, fever

Question 23

Gastroenteritis

Answer 23

Infec in the bowel caused by norovirus or c. Deficile

Sx. Abd pain, diarrhea, vomiting, cramps

Question 24

What is blood stream inf

Answer 24

Germs gets into the bloodstream

Sx. Fever, chills, n/v, weakness