Infection control

Question 1

What are the 6 elements that infection requires

Answer 1

Pathogen
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Transmission
Portal of entry
Host

Question 2

Example of infectious agent (pathogen)

Answer 2

Bacteria
Fungi
Parasities
Viruses

Question 3

Example of reservoir

Answer 3

Humans
Animals
Insects
Fomites
Blood/body fluids

Question 4

Example of Portal of exit

Answer 4

Nose
Mouth
Mucous membranes
Specimen collection

Question 5

Example of transmission

Answer 5

Droplet
Airborne
Contact
Vector
Vehicle

Question 6

Example of portal of entry

Answer 6

Nose
mouth
Mucous membranes
Skin
Unsterile equipment

Question 7

example of host

Answer 7

Patients
Elderly
newborns
Immunocompromised
Healthcare workers

Question 8

what are the most frequently encountered infectious agents by US health care workers

Answer 8

Bacteria and viruses

Question 9

Organisms that have developed resistankce to one or more antibiotics

Answer 9

MDRO
Multidrug-resistant organisms
ex. MRSA

Question 10

What is essential to prevent transmissions/infection

Answer 10

Proper cleaning and disinfecting

Question 11

Reservoir for infectious organisms

Answer 11

Environment, things can survive on environmental surfaces for months if not cleaned.

Question 12

What is the single most effective means of interrupting the transmission of infection

Answer 12

Hand hygine

Question 13

Person to person transfer of pathogens

Answer 13

Direct contact

Question 14

Person to object to person transfer of pathogens

Answer 14

Indirect contact

Question 15

Large pathogenic particle coming in contact with the hosts conjuctivae or mucous membranes

Answer 15

Dropelet

Question 16

How to prevent droplet infection

Answer 16

Goggles, mask, gloves, gown

Question 17

Examples of droplet transmission disesases

Answer 17

Common cold, influenza, meningitis, pertussis, strep

Question 18

Small pathogenic particles that remain suspended in the air for longer periods of time and are inhaled by or deposited on the host

Answer 18

Airborne (use a mask)

Question 19

Examples of airborne diseases

Answer 19

Tuberculosis, Measles, Chickenpox

Question 20

Who do standard precautions apply to

Answer 20

all patients in all healthcare settings

Question 21

Guidelines for using hand sanitizer

Answer 21

Preferred in most clinical situations
Rub dry fro 20 seconds

Question 22

Guidelines for using soap and water

Answer 22

Must use when hands are visibly dirty
When pathogen is known to be C.diff
After multiple applications of hand sanitizer
Wash 40-60 sec

Question 23

When to perform hand hygiene

Answer 23

-Before and after pt contacts
-Before and after contact w/ possible contaminants
-Before and after toileting
-After sneezing, coughing, nose blowing
Before Donning and after Doffing gloves
Before and after eating

Question 24

Common hand hygiene errors

Answer 24

Turning faucet off w/ clean, bare hands (turn off w/ paper towel)
Too short of time

Question 25

Application of standard precautions

Answer 25

Always w/ everyone

Question 26

What determines the choice of PPE

Answer 26

Mode of transmission

Question 27

Should you leave pt care equipemtn in pt room

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

Contact precautions

Answer 28

Gloves, Gown

Question 29

Droplet precautions

Answer 29

Mask (if withing 3 ft of pt)

Question 30

Airborne precautions

Answer 30

Respiratory protection (N95) Pt must be placed in a negative air flow room

Question 31

Clean vs steriile

Answer 31

Clean - reduce number of infefction Sterile - eliminate pathogens

Question 32

Order for Don and Doff PPE Gown mask gloves googles or face shield

Answer 32

DON Gown, mask, goggles, gloves DOFF Gown and gloves, goggles, mask, wash hands