Infectious Disease

Question 1

What two stains get detect acid fast bacilli like TB and can retrieve results within 24 hrs?

Answer 1

1. Ziehl-Neelson stain
2. Auramine stain

Question 2

What is the fastest test for TB?

Answer 2

rapid sputum test: NAAT

Question 3

A patient has chills, jaundice and low platelets and anaemia on their FBC and has just come back from Nigeria. What pathogen causes this disease?

Answer 3

falciparum Malaria

Question 4

I have nausea and vomiting and RUQ, what infection do I have?

Answer 4

Hepatitis A

Question 5

A patient has sore throat, malaise, red tonsils, lymphdenopathy, scleral icterus and hepatosplenomegaly. What is the first investigation?

Answer 5

Monospot/ EBV test

Question 6

A uni student has grey/ green exudate on their throat and splenomegaly. What do they have?

Answer 6

Infectious mononucleosis

Question 7

A patient has enlarged parotid glands and enlarged testicles. What do they have?

Answer 7

Mumps

Question 8

A patient with recurrent illness has a maculopapular rash. What do they have?

Answer 8

HIV

Question 9

What does the blood film for EBV infection show?

Answer 9

Atypical lymphocytes and clumped chromatin

Question 10

What indicates sepsis without signs of shock?

Answer 10

WCC <4*109/L

Question 11

What skin condition can be seen in the shins of TB patients?

Answer 11

Erythema nodosum

Question 12

What kind of diarrhoea do Staph infections cause?

Answer 12

Non-bloody diarrhoea

Question 13

What kind of diarrhoea do Campylobacter infections cause?

Answer 13

Bloody diarrhoea

Question 14

Management of Gilberts disease?

Answer 14

Reassure and discharge

Question 15

Which antibiotic can cause cholestasis?

Answer 15

Co-amoxiclav

Question 16

Give an example of a stimulant laxative

Answer 16

Senna

Question 17

Give four conditions that cause clubbing

Answer 17

Cirrhosis
Achalasia
IBD
Coeliac disease

Question 18

Does HCC cause clubbing?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

What is the most common cause of upper GI bleeds?

Answer 19

Peptic ulcer disease

Question 20

How can TB affect urinary system and what is seen on dipstick?

Answer 20

Dysuria
neutrophils on dipstick

Question 21

Which antibiotic is closely related to co-amoxiclav?

Answer 21

Meropenem

Question 22

Is mumps or haemophilus influenzae more likely to be seen in the lumbar puncture of viral meningitis?

Answer 22

Mumps

Question 23

What does gram negative diplococcus on lumbar puncture suggest>

Answer 23

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 24

What does white lesions in the mouth and memory decline suggest?

Answer 24

HIV related dementia
AIDS dementia complex

Question 25

What defined AIDS?

Answer 25

evidence of AIDS illness e.g. TB CD4 <200 cells/mm3

Question 26

Can c.diff diarrhoea be bloody?

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

How would you treat HIV which has led to mycobacterium avium complex?

Answer 27

RIPE

Question 28

What is stage one of HIV infection and what symptoms are seen?

Answer 28

Seroconversion Flu like illness with lymphadenopathy

Question 29

What does a CD4 <50 with eye pain, blurred vision, fever and encephalitis suggest?

Answer 29

Cytomegalovirus infection

Question 30

What blood test marker should be looked at in an elderly patient with confusion?

Answer 30

CRP can lead to a septic screen

Question 31

Which antibiotic gives mainly gram negative cover?

Answer 31

Gentamicin

Question 32

Which antibiotic gives cover for anaerobic organisms?

Answer 32

Metronidazole Co-amoxiclav

Question 33

Name four antibiotics that can lead to a C diff infection

Answer 33

Amoxicillin Clindamycin Cephalosporins Ciprofloxacin

Question 34

What treatment is indicated in severe COVID-19?

Answer 34

Oxygen, remdesivir and dexamethasone

Question 35

When is remdesivir contraindicated?

Answer 35

eGFR<30

Question 36

What pathogen causes gram negative sepsis in biliary system?

Answer 36

E Coli

Question 37

What is Herpes Human virus 3?

Answer 37

Varicella Xoster virus

Question 38

What can cause fever 3-5 days post operation?

Answer 38

Infection of the respiratory/ urinary tract

Question 39

What can be given if BP remains low after fluid resuscitation in septic shock?

Answer 39

alpha 1 antagonist: metaraminol

Question 40

If a patient has recurrent candidiasis what shoult they be tested for?

Answer 40

Diabetes HbA1c

Question 41

What protozoa causes diarrhoea in a HIV patient?

Answer 41

Cryptosporidium

Question 42

What can a rash with folliculitis on chest suggest and hence what should be done?

Answer 42

Late HIV infection Do HIV serology

Question 43

Which gram positive cocci are in clusters vs pairs?

Answer 43

S.aureus: clusters Strep pneumoniae: pairs

Question 44

Why is C. Diff hard to destroy?

Answer 44

Due to spore formation