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NAPLEX > Infectious Disease - Microbiology > Flashcards

Infectious Disease - Microbiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Bacteriostatic vs Bacteriocidal

A

Bacteriostatic - A drug that reduces growth

Bacteriocidal - Drug that kills

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2
Q

What are three organisms described as gram positive cocci?

A

Streptococ.
Staphylococ.
Enterococ.

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3
Q

What are four organisms described as gram positive rods?

A

Diptheriae
Listeria
Anthrax
Clostridium (anaerobic)

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4
Q

What are 2 organisms described as gram negative coccii

A

Neisseriae
Moraxella

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5
Q

What are 9 gram negative rods

A

E.coli
PSA
Klebsiella
H.Influenza
H.Pylori
Shigella
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Bacteroides (anaerobic)

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6
Q

What is the first line choice for gram positive cocci?

A

Penicillin’s

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7
Q

What is group A strep?

What 2 diseases can it cause?

A

Strep. pyogenes

Pharyngitis (strep throat ) and cellulitis (deep skin infection)

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8
Q

What is group B strep?

Where can you find this bacteria?

A

Strep. agalactiae

In normal vaginal flora

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9
Q

What is the DOC for MSSA?

A

B-lactamase resistant PCNS:

Dicloxacillin , nafcillin , oxacillin

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10
Q

What is a common skin staph. aureus infection and how is it treated?

A

Impetigo

Mupirocin TID
or
Retapamulin (ALtabax)

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11
Q

What are 7 PO MRSA drugs?

A

Bactrim
Doxy
Linezolid
Clindamycin
Tedizolid
Delafloxacin
Omadacycline

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12
Q

Can rifampin be used for MRSA?

A

Yes but NEVER alone

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13
Q

What are two treatment options for enterococc?

A

Amp + gent

Amp + ceftriaxone

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14
Q

What is a typical treatment for corynebacterium diphtheriae ?

Who else has to be treated?

A

Anti-tox + ABX (PCN or erythromycin x 14d)

Anyone with close contacts get the abx and vaccine

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15
Q

What is a typical treatment for listeria monocytogenes?

How do you get it?

A

Amp + gent

Food borne

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16
Q

What organisms causes neonatal meningitis?

A

Listeria
GBS
E.coli

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17
Q

What are treatment options for bacillus anthracis?

A

Cipro, clinda, doxy, meropenem , linezolid

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18
Q

Typical treatment for N.meningitidis?

A

Ceftriaxone + vanc

Add amp if listeria +

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19
Q

What are ppx options for close contacts of N/meningitidis?

A

Rifampin or cipro single dose or ceftriaxone IM

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20
Q

Treatment for N.Gonorrhea? What is chlamydia is also present?

A
  1. Ceftriaxone IM
  2. Ceftriaxone + doxycycline 100mg BID x 7d
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21
Q

What 3 organisms cause bacterial otitis media and sinusitis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pneumococcus
Haemophilis
Moraxella

22
Q

What are your 1-3 choices for VRE?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Daptomycin
  2. Linezolid
  3. Tigecycline
23
Q

What are common causes of E.coli infection?

Study These Flashcards
A

UTI/pyelonephritis
Urosepsis
Neonantal meningitis (close to mother’s ass)
E.coli diarrhea

24
Q

Where does PSA grow?

Study These Flashcards
A

Aqueous, moist areas

25
Anti-PSA penicillins
Zosyn
26
Anti-PSA cephalosporins
Ceftazidime Cefepime Ceftazidime-avibactam Ceftolozane-tazobactam Cifiderocol
27
Anti-PSA carbapenems and monobactam
Doripenem, meropenem, imipenem Aztreonam
28
Anti-PSA FQ and Aminoglycosides
FQ - Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, delafloxacin AG - all
29
H. Pylor triple therapy
Clarithromycin 500mg BID + Amox 1G BID/metro500mg BID + PPI
30
H.pylori Quadruple therapy
Metronidazole + tetracycline + bismuth + PPI
31
H.pylori concomitant therapy
Triple therapy (Clarithromycin + Amox + PPI) + metronidazole
32
What is prevpac?
Amoxicillin + clarithromycin + lansoprazole For H.pylori triple therapy
33
What is pylera?
Bismuth + metronidazole + tetracycline For h.pylori bismuth quadruple therapy , just add PPI
34
Treatment for H.Influenza OM/Sinusitis Treatment for H.influenza meningitis or severe infection
1. Amoxicillin or augmentin 2. Ceftriaxone or ceftotaxime
35
How is legionella transmitted? What are some treatment options?
1. Water supplies 2. Azithromycin for children or respiratory quinolones for adults
36
Pertussis treatment options
Macrolides can decrease transmission
37
Treatment for Clostriudium tetani
Metronidazole IV
38
What is bezlotoxumab?
Zinplava is a mAb used in conjunction with Abx to decrease reccurance of C.diff Watch for HF
39
DOC for B.fragilis
Metronidazole
40
DOC for mycoplasma pneumoniae (atypical pneumonia)
Macrolides or doxycycline
41
Syphilis Organism Classification Tests DOC for the three stages
Treponema pallidum Spirochete bacteria Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) or VDRL or farkfield microscopy Early syphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 2.4 million units IM x 1 Late syphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 2.4 million units IM weekly x 3 weeks Neurosyphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 3-4 million units IV Q4H x 10-14days
42
Lyme disease Organism Classification / transmission Treatments
Borrellia burgdorferi Spirochete bacteria caused by deer ticks 1. Early disease - Doxy x 10-14d or amoxicillin/ceftin x 14 days 2. Lyme carditis - oral doxy/amox/ceftin x 14-21 days (28 days if arthritis)
43
MOA of 1. Polyene 2. Azoles 3. Echinocandines 4. Flucytosine
1. Bind to ergosterol 2. Inhibit ergosterol synthesis 3. Inhibit glucan synthesis 4. Inhibit DNA synthesis
44
DOC for cryptococcus neoformans meningitis and pneuumonia
Meningitis - Ampho B + flucytosine then oral fluconazole Pneumonia - Fluconazole or itraconazole
45
DOC for aspergilliosis
Voriconazole (VFend)
46
DOC for Coccidioides imminitis
Fluconazole or itraconazole
47
DOC for histoplasma and blastomyces
Mild - itraconazole PO Severe - Ampho B Same for both
48
Transmission of Hepatitis A-C and its vaccines
A - fecal-oral : Twinrix B - Blood : Engerix C- blood : NO vaccine
49
RSV prevention
ALL infants <8 months born in or entering first RSV season give Beyfortus (nirsevimab) x one dose
50
Baloxavir Brand MOA Indication Dose
Xofluza Polymerse scidic endonuclease inhibitor Flu PO dose for >5y.o

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