Generics for : 1. Cosopt 2. Simbrinza 3. Combigan

1. Dorzolamide + timolol 2. Brinzolamide + brimonidine 3. Brimonidine + timolol

Opthalmic/Thyroid/Smoking Flashcards by Alexandria Arnett

What is the difference between closed and open angle glaucoma?

Closed- emergency, sudden blockage , painful

Open - (chronic glaucoma) - partial blockage of the drainage canal “silent thief of sight”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is treatment for closed angle glaucoma?

Acetazolamide 500mg IV single dose then 250mg PO

Once IOP is decreasing, give pilocarpin 4% topical QID

If IOP is not decreasing - give mannitol 1-2 g/kg IV

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Does timolol eye drops have systemic effects?

Yes , so don’t use in asthma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are first line agents for open angle glaucoma?

Prostaglandin analogues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 5 prostaglandin analogs for open angle glaucoma and their brand names

How often to give?

Travoprost - travatan

Bimatoprost - lumigan (also know as LATISSEE for eyelash growth)

Latanoprost - xalatan

Latanoprostene - vyzulta

Tafluprost - Zioptan (can darken eye color)

Once daily

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What beta blockers (4) are used for glaucoma + brand name?

How often to give?

Betaxolol - Betoptic

Carteolol - Ocupress

Levobunolol - Betagan

Timolol - timoptic

BID

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What CAI’s are used for glaucoma + brand name?

Can you leave contacts in ?

How often to give?

Acetazolamide - Diamox

Brinzolamide - Azopt

Dorzolamide - Trusopt

NO, remove them and wait 10 minutes.

TID

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brimonidine

Brand / dosage form
MOA

Alphagan-P

Lumify OTC

Mirvaso - gel

Alpha 2 agonist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Generics for :

Cosopt
Simbrinza
Combigan

Dorzolamide + timolol
Brinzolamide + brimonidine
Brimonidine + timolol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Netasurdil

Brand
MOA
Indication

Rhopressa

Rho Kinase Inhibitor

Glaucoma - increase aqueous outflow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How is allergic conjunctivitis described?

Eyes itching
Eyes tearing with stringy discharge

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What to recommend for acute allergic conjunctivitis?

Topical antihistamine + mast cell stabilizer OR vasoconstrictor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are three pure mast cell stabilizers? When would you never use it?

Cromolyn
Nedocromil ( Alocril)
Lodoxamide (alomide _

Acute allergic conjunctivitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are two pure antihistamine for allergic conjunctivitis?

Emedastine 0.05% (emadine)

Cetirizine (Zerviate) 0.24% solution

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are 6 antihistamine + mast cell stabilizers options for allergic conjunctivitis?

Azelastine
Epinastine (elestat)
Alcaftadine ) lastacaft)
Bepotastine (bepreve)
Olopatadine (pataday or patanol)
Ketotifen (alaway, zaditor)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is one decongestant + antihistamine option for short term acute allergic conjunctivitis?

What is the max duration?

What preservative does it have?

Pheniramine + naphazoline (naphcon, opcon)

3 days

Benzalkonium chloride

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What NSAID options are there for allergic conjunctivitis?

Ketorolac 0.5% (acular, acuvail)

Diclofenac 0.1% (voltaren ) drops

Nepafenac (ilevro, nevanac)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What nasal spray is FDA-approved to treat allergic conjunctivitis?

Flonase

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are 4 opthalmic steroid options ?

Prednisolone
Loteprednol
Fluorometholone
Difluprednate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What treatments are there for viral conjunctivitis?

Study These Flashcards

None

can only treat symptoms

What are 6 options for bacterial conjunctivitis? (not FQ’s)

Study These Flashcards

Erythromycin ointment

Trimethoprim-polymyxin B drops/ointment

Bacitracin ointment

Sulfacetamide ointment

Bacitracin - polymyxin B ointment

Fluoroquinolone drops

Azithromycin drops

What are your 4 quinolone options for bacterial conjunctivitis?

Can you give to kids?

Study These Flashcards

Levofloxain
Gatifloxacin - Zymaxid
Moxifloxacin - viagmos (TID) moxeza (BID)
Besifloxacin (Besivance) suspension

Yes

Azasite

Indication
Dose
Storage

Study These Flashcards

Bacterial conjunctivitis

1 drop BID for >1y.o

In the fridge (Room temp x 14 days after opened)

How to treat stye?

Study These Flashcards

Warm compress

DOC for dry eyes?

Restasis - cyclosporine emulsion 0.05% Cequa - cyclosporine 0.09% solution Verkazia - cyclosporine 0.1% emulsion Vevye - cyclosporine 0.1% solution

Lifitegrast Brand Indication

Xiidra Dry eyes

Perfluorohexyloctane Brand Indication

Miebo Dry eyes

What levels would you expect in hyperthyroidism? What is the goal levels?

DECREASED TSH INCREASED t3/t4 TSH 0.4 - 4.0 mU/L

How long is the onset of hyperthyroid treatment ?

6-8 weeks

What are two drug options for hyperthyroidism + brand name? What are their ADE's?

Methimazole (Tapazole) Propylthiuracil (PTU) Agranulocytosis, rash, hepatitis, weight gain

propylthiouracil MOA BBW Indication

Inhibits T4 to T3 conversion Severe liver injury Fail other treatments for hyperthyroidismW

What are two adjunct treatments for hyperthyroidism?

Beta blockers to help with symptoms Cholestyramine to increase fecal excretion of T4

What are some causes of hypothyroidism? Symptoms?

hashimoto's Drugs - amiodarone, interferons/interleukins, lithium Cold, weight gain, puffy face, large tongue

Can you use thyroid replacement in pregnancy?

Yes and their dose would increase to protect the child

Dessiccated thyroid Brand MOA Consideration

Armour thyroid Provides both T4 and T3 Dried PIG thyroid powder

Levothyroxine MOA PK Counseling

Synthetic pure T4 Slow onset, long duration Take 30-60minutes before breakfast on empty stomach and wait 4 hours before taking antacids, cholestyramine, or orlistat

Liothyronine Brand MOA Disadvantage

Cytomel, triostat Synthetic T3 Short half life so need multiple doses

Convert IV levothyroixine to oral

IV is 50-75% of oral dose

How to give levothyroxine in pregnancy?

Increase dose by 25-30% TSH goals: 1st trimester - 0.1-2.5 2nd - 0.2 -3 3rd - 0.3-3 Test TSH every month

If a patient smokes 10cigs/day for 24 years, what is there pack-year smoking history?

When would you start with 2mg nictoine gum/lozenge vs 4mg? What are the max's?

<25cig/day or 1st cig >30 min after waking up = 2mg >25cigs/day 1st cig <30 min after waking up = 4mg Max 24 gum/day Max 20 lozenges/day

How do you dose nicotine patches?

>10cigs/day = 10 week plan * 21mg x 6 weeks 14mg x 2 weeks 7mg x 2 weeks <10cigs/day = 8 week plan *14mg x 6 weeks *7mg x 2 weeks

Nictotine inhaler Brand Rx or OTC? Dose / max Pregnancy?

Nicotrol RX Frequent continuous puffing with max 16 cartridges / day up to 6 months Category D

Nicotine nasal spray Brand Rx or OTC? Dose / max

Nicotrol NS RX 1 dose = 2 sprays MAX 40 doses (80 sprays ) per day

Zyban Generic Indication Dose ADE

Bupropion SR Smoking cessation 150mg AM x 3 days then 150mg BID Insomnia, dry mouth

Varenicline Brand MOA Indication Dose ADE

Chantix Partial neuronal A4,B2 nicotonic receptor agonist Start 1 week prior to quit date Days 1-3: 0.5mg QD 4-7 - 0.5mg BID Then 1mg BID for 12 weeks total Nausea, sleep disturbances, depressed mood, seizures

What are the 5 A's to smoking cessation?

Ask Advise Assess Assist Arrange

Cigarette smoke induces...

CYP1A2

Opthalmic/Thyroid/Smoking Flashcards

(48 cards)