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UWorld step 2 > infectious disease uworld > Flashcards

infectious disease uworld Flashcards

1
Q

8 year, 2 months ago went to ecuador, papilledema, crackles over right middl lobe, csf: Very low glucose, elevated protein, and high lymphocytes

A

Tuberculosis
onset 2-6 mo after infection, and VERY low glucose
spreads hematogenously

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2
Q

unilateral conjuctivits with ipsilateral preauricular lymphadenopathy, after going hunting

A

Francisella tularensis

also: bartonella henselae and HSV simialr sxms

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3
Q

pt comes in with confusion, hypotension, acidosis (low bicarb), and foot eschar
what to do within first hour?

A

IV antibiotics

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4
Q

neonate switches to cow- milk formula, then gets irritable and hypothermic, jaundice, weak suck
mnagement?

A

neonatal sepsis
listeria
do BLOOD, Urine, CSF cultures
tx: ampicillin and gentamicin

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5
Q

pediatric septic arthritis

A

age < 3 mo: staph aureus, GBStrep, gram neg bacilli

age > 3 mo: staph aureus, GAstrep

joint drainage and debridement

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6
Q

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 3rd trimester

A

risk of neonatal kernicterus

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7
Q

pylenephritis and pregnant tx

A

ceftriaxone or cephalexin

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8
Q

19M pharyngitis, macular rash, interstitial markings right sided pleural effusion, persistent dry cough

A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

strep pneumo is lobar (not interstitial) with productive cough and fever

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8
Q

19M pharyngitis, macular rash, interstitial markings right sided pleural effusion, persistent dry cough

A

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

strep pneumo is lobar (not interstitial) with productive cough and fever

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9
Q

UTI with ph>8

A

PROTEUS MIRABILIS (urease producing)
struvite stones (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

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10
Q

Lyme disease tx in prego’s

A

nonpregos: doxycycline
pregos: oral amoxicillin

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11
Q

bulging TM, middle ear effusion

A

acute otitis media

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12
Q

Neisseria meningococcal vaccines

A

age: 11-12 primary
age 16: booster

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13
Q

6y/o boy with 10 day history of persistent nasal discharge yellow mucus, congestion, maxillary sinuses are tender to palpation

A

acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
d/t nontypeable Haemophilus Influenza strep Pneumo, moraxella catarrhallis

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14
Q

15yo with 18hrs of fever, vomitting, resistance to passive neck flexion, several petechiae csf: low glucose, high protein neutrophils

A

Meningococcal meningitis

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15
Q

Mild cough, rhinitis, with more severe cough, low grade fever, rib pain

A

Bordetella Pertussis
gram neg coccobaccilli
give azithromycin to pt and family

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16
Q

bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on xray, fever, non-productive cough

A

mycoplasma pneumonia
tx : azithromycin or fluooquinolone

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17
Q

infective endocarditits
what valve
tx

A

mitral regurgitation
vancomycin

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18
Q

lyme disease ppx criteria

A

tick attached for more than 36hours

if not then no need for ppx

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19
Q

reheated rice

A

bacillus cereulus – ingested preformed toxin

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20
Q

osteomyeolitis with sickle cell pt tx

A

ceftriaxone + vancomycin

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21
Q

infective endocarditis in old man who just had a UTI pyelonephritis

A

enterococci

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22
Q

nonbullous impetigo: honey crusted
tx

A

mupirocin

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23
Q

3 days of n/v/headache, and maculopapular rash with petechiae on trunk, extremities, HANDs, wrists, feet

A

rickettsia – thrombocytpoenia, hyponatremia, elevated LFT’s
tx: doxycyline

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24
Q

dental infection with small yellow graunles, filamentous gram positive rods with rudimentary branching

A

actinomyces israelli
tx: penicillin 2-6mo

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25
Q

high fever, mucus/blood in diarrhea, loose stools, 2 year old, seizures

A

shigella sonnei

day cares or schools – low infectious dose required for person to perso

26
Q

papule at scratch site nontender, with regional lymphadenopathy has pets

A

bartonella henselae – cat scratch

27
Q

low grade fever, oropharynx erythematous, no exudates, scattered crackles with rhonchi in both lungs

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

28
Q

most common pathogens for bronchiectasis in cystic fibrosis (AR) UNDER AGE 20

A

staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

high grade fever, after a cruise, cxr bilateral interstitial infiltrates, hyponatremia

A

legionella
tx: fluoroquinolones

30
Q

nonpruritic nonpainful skin lesion, 4cm well cicumscribed, hypopigmented patch, no sensation to pinprick
dx

A

leprosy
full thickness biopsy of skin lesion
dapson and rifampin

31
Q

< 1 mo hypothermia, lethargy, leukopenia
pathogen?

A

Group B streptococcus

32
Q

20F with high fever sudden onset, myalgias, n/v myalgia, confusion, difficulty concentrating, shock-like sxms
non-contrast ct unremarkable
next best step

A

meningococcal meningitis
next step lumbar puncture
tx: ceftriaxone for close contacts too
complications: adrenal hemorrhage (waterhouse)

33
Q

back pain with fever, next step

A

MRI

34
Q

fine, erythematous papular rash with rough texture, blanches with pressure

A

scarlet fever
d/t strep pyogenes
dx: Rapid strep antigen/ throat culture
tx: penicillin

35
Q

prosthetic joint infection
< 3 mo
> 3 mo

A

within three months usually staph aureus or pseudomonas

after three months usually coagular negative staph epidermidids
propionibacterium
enterococci (if uti)

36
Q

wood splinter injury on farm, painful stiff neck, muscles of neck tense, unable to open mouth
next step?

A

no additional testing
tetanus

37
Q

pt with small papule with an area of central ulceration, gram neg coccobacilli

A

tularemia

38
Q

purple pedunculated lesions on teh face and extremities that are friable and bleed easily with palpation
CD4 <50

A
39
Q

rural massachusetts with av block

A
40
Q

branching filamentous rods partially acid0fast
nodular or cavitary lesions in upper lobes

A
41
Q

rapidly starting sxms 12hrs – painless red macules that turn indurated pustules/bullae, with punched out gangrenous ulcers

A

ecthyma gangrenosum – pseudomonas aeruginosa – gram neg

42
Q

HIV VACCINES

A
43
Q
A
44
Q

syphillis treatment

A
45
Q

diarrhea hiv

A
46
Q

esophagtis hiv

A
47
Q

heterophile antibody test
rash after amoxicillin
tonsilitis **with exudates

A
48
Q

wart like lesions + bone lytic lesions

A
49
Q

sabraoud agar
india stain ink
encapsulated yeast

A
50
Q
A
51
Q

acute febrile illness with malaise and AMS, arkansas, leukopenia, elevateed LFT’s lactate dehydrogenase

A
52
Q

odynophagia and dysphagia HIV

A
53
Q

noncaseating granuloma with pt from rural farm mississippi hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy

A

dimorphic fungus soil contamination by bird bat dropplings

granulomatous pulmonary: TB, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis

54
Q

HIV cd4< 150; hilar mediastinal lymphadenopathy,

A
55
Q

bloody diarrhea + liver cyst abscess : fever RUQ pain, elevated LFT’s ALK phos

A
56
Q

bacterial meningitis drugs

A
57
Q

diabetes + nasal symptoms, opacification and body erosion on right maxillary sinus, local necrotic spread

A
58
Q

n/v/papilledema/ and cystic lesion in 4th ventricle ate wild pork meat

A
59
Q

ppx for pneumocystis pneumonia (pt had solid organ transplant)

A

trimeth-sulfameth for 6-12 mo after transplant

60
Q

bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates in setting of immune compromised (HIV/TRANSplant) elevated LDH, dry cough, fever, acute resp failure

A

Pneumocystis pneumonia or CMV
do a bronchoalveolar lavage

61
Q

mild painful pruritic papule at site of inoculation, that later gets ulcerated and has odorless nonpurulent discharge with proximal lymphatic chain (landscaper)

A

decaying soil

62
Q
A

toxoplasmosis

give bactrim for toxoplasmosis and pneumosystis ppx until cd4 > 200 for 3 months

63
Q

airborn precautions

A

UWorld step 2 (16 decks)

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