Infectious diseases Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is Mollaret’s meningitis?
- Reccurent benign meningitis , associated with HSV-2, patients present with reccurent episodes of memnigitis lasting several days and than self resolving.CFS shows a lymphocytic predominance.
Weil’s disease (leptospirosis) ?
Features :
- the early phase is due to bacteraemia and lasts around a week may be mild or subclinical , fever ,flu-like symptoms, subconjunctival suffusion (redness)/haemorrhage
- second immune phase may lead to more severe disease (Weil’s disease):
1) acute kidney injury (seen in 50% of patients)
2) hepatitis: jaundice, hepatomegaly
3) aseptic meningitis
Treatment for gonoccocal arthritis?
Ceftriaxone and azythromycin (to cover for chlamedia)
Treatment of coxiella brunetti ( endocarditis) ?
- Combination of hydroxyqloroquine and doxycicline
- Farm in France
- Cardiac features + elevated ALT
- Gram negative intracellular coccabacilli
How do you test for hydatid disease and treat ?
- ELISA testing for echinococcus
- Albendazole/ +/ - surgical excision.
Common symptoms in dengue fever?
- fever, headache, myalgia, maculopapular rash, and facial flushing
- Symptoms are less severe compared to yellow fever, and treatment is supportive with fluids and transfusion when required.
Deffinition, Features and Treatment for Ramsay Hunt syndrome ?
- Deffinition - reactivation of varicella zoster in the geniculate ganglion of the 7th cranial nerve.
- Features - unilateral facial nerve palsy, ear pain and a vesicular rash
- Treatment - acyclovir and prednisalone
Causes of bilateral facial weakness?
Lyme’s disease, myasthenia gravis, sarcoidosis, and bilateral Bell’s palsy.
Current reccomendation for treatment of pelvic inflmatory disease?
- Oral doxycycline , plus metranidazole , plus IM ceftriaxone.
First, 2nd and 3rd line antimicrobial options for non-gonococcal urethritis?
- Fist line - doxycyline BD
- 2nd line - azythromycin
- 3rd line ofloxacin
Treatment of cryptosporodium if becomes severe and features ?
- Variable presentation from mild to severe. Characteristic red cyst appearance on modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining ( acid-fast stain).
- Appropriate antibiotic therapy if needed - nitazoxanide - 500mg to 1g twice daily. It interferes with the ability of the parasite to generate energy by blocking the pyruvate ferredoxin oridoreductase reaction.
Typhoid fever treatment ?
Ceftriaxone or azythromycin in milder cases
Typical features for cryptococcal meningitis and treatment ?
- Found in immunocompromised patients
- India ink test - positive
- Raised opening pressures on LP, turbid appearance of the CSF, raised protein and mixed lymphocytic/neutrophilic picture.
- Treatment : amphotericin B with flucytosin for 2 weeks.
What is the management for Entamoeba histolytica, amoebic liver abscess?
- Metronidazole is the treatment of choice for livre trophozoites, followed by luminal amebicide such as paromomycin
Treatment for Chaga’s disease ?
First line : benznidazole 5/7mg per kg a day divided in 2 doses.
Second line : nifurtimox 8/10mg per kg a day orally given in divided doses.
