Infectious Diseases Flashcards
(25 cards)
in children is defined as
a rectal temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher
typical bacterial pathogens in 0-1 month and treatment
Group B streptococcus
Escherichia coli
Listeria monocytogenes
Ampicillin + gentamicin or cefotaxime
typical bacterial pathogens in 1-3 months and treatment
Group B streptococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Listeria monocytogenes
Ampicillin + cefotaxime (+ vancomycin if bacterial meningitis suspected)
typical bacterial pathogens in 3 months-3yrs and treatment
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae type b
Neisseria meningitidis
Cefotaxime (+ vancomycin if bacterial meningitis suspected)
typical bacterial pathogens in 3yrs to adult, and treatment
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Cefotaxime (+ vancomycin if bacterial meningitis suspected)
If the 3mo-3yr child is nontoxic-appearing and the temperature is
39 (102.2)
infant presents with fever, poor feeding, irritability, lethargy and respiratory distress. suspect what?
meningitis
Physical exam maneuvers used in older children to evaluate nuchal rigidity?
Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s
LP findings in bacterial meningitis?
- Pleocytosis (neutrophils); CSF WBC > 5,000 cells/mm3
- CSF to serum glucose
pt presents with focal neuro findings and suspicion for meningitis. work up?
CBC + Bcx
UA + Ucx
LP
CT to look for abscess
most common complication of bacterial meningitis?
hearing loss
aseptic meningitis: MC causes?
HSV, EBV, CMV, Mumps and enteroviruses (#1), TB (cx and stains rarely positive)
- Also, lymphocytic choriomeningitis
- lyme disease, syphilis, fungi (coccidioides, cryptococcus, histoplasmosis), parasites (taenia solium, toxoplasma gondii)
Tx TB meningitis
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Streptomycin
1st line treatment for giardia
tinidazole
1st line treatment for Diphyllobothrium latum (tape worm)
Praziquantel
doxycycline is contraindicated in children
8
3 treatment options for B. bergdorferri
Doxycycline (≥9yo)
Amoxicillin
Cefuroxime
what has been shown to reduce the morbidity and mortality of Measles infection?
vitamin A (immune enhancement)
koplik spots
measles
found on mucosa (buccal, vaginal, etc; white)
gray vesicles/ulcers on posterior oropharynx?
Coxsackie A (not HSV)
pathogen causing bullous impetigo? treatment?
S. aureus oral abx (dicloxacilin, e.g.)
treatment for non-bullous impetigo?
topical abx (mupirocin)
most common pathogenic organism in young children with CF?
Staph aureus
prophylactic treatment s/p cat bite?
augmentin for 5 days
