Infectious Diseases Flashcards
(22 cards)
Classic triad of ID
Fever, altered mental status, stiff neck
Nearly all patients with bacterial meningitis have at least 2 of the following:
HA, fever, altered mental status, and stiff neck
Signs in meningitis
Kernig and Brudzinski’s
Types of meningitis
Purulent, chronic, aseptic, neighborhood infection, non infections meningeal irritation, amebic meningoencephalitis, health care associated meningitis
Asecptic meningitis cause
viral typically
Type of meningitis that is acute fulminant disease with rapid progression to death in children and young adults.
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis
cause of encephalitis
viral
CSF in encephalitis
normal or may show lymphocytes. In cases of HSV causative encephalitis, CSF may show RBC’s.
Sx of meningitis with normal CSF occur in presence of…
PNA, shigellosis, or other infections
For brain abscess, which diagnostic tests should be avoided?
LP- d/t increased ICP do not do. Also CSF exam not helpful
Abscess vs tumor of brain -
abscess has NO blood flow to the center. tumor does have blood flow to the center.
When would you drain brain abscess?
if more than 2 cm.
Lyme disease in CNS or PNS
either!
Burrelia burgdorferi can cause…
lyme disease
tx in lyme disease
if CNS, treat IV. If PNS (facial n palsy), treat oral
How to distinguish meningitis from TB
TB has gradual onset, evidence of TB elsewhere, and lymphocytic pleocytosis on CSF
HSV encephalitis classic dx sign
RBC’s in CSF
starts with forgetfulness and discoordination and progresses over a short time to coma and death. prognosis is 100% deadly
creutzfelt-jakob
cause of creutzfelt-jakob
transmissible spongiform encephalopathy caused by prion
Dx of lyme’s disease
If PNS- EMG abnormal. CSF biopsy or nerve biopsy for PNS may show signs of infection
Syphilis dx
CSF abnormalities, serology
TB TX
all anti-TB meds penetrate BBB. include rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide
