Infectious Paeds

Question 1

ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA organisms

Answer 1

Common pathogens:
* S. pneumoniae
* H. influenza

Question 2

CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA

Answer 2

• Persistent perfora+on in the eardrum
• Usually starts with perfora+on of the eardrum during episode of OM = infec+on is not Rx = ear becomes contaminated by coliforms

Question 3

URINARY TRACT INFECTION Defini9ons and types

Answer 3

1. Simple Low tract, few symptoms, normal tract
2. Complicated Febrile, systemic features ! pyelonephri/s
3. Unresolved No improvement aRer 48 hrs of treatment:
   - Compliant
   - Adequate drug dose
   - Resistant organism
4. Reinfec/on Recurring with different organism aRer sterile urine
5. Persistent infec/on Same organism isolated repeatedly
6. Catheter associated
   Recurrent - ≥ 1 episode of pyelonephri/s ✚ 1 episode of LTI
   - ≥ 2 episodes of UTI with pyelonephri/s
   - ≥ 3 LTI

Question 4

Organisms UTI

Answer 4

• Usually E.coli
• Atypical: K. pneumonia, Serra/a, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas
• Virusses (adenovirus) ! haemorrhagic cys//s

Question 5

UTI Rx

Answer 5

< 3 months IV: CeRriaxone
> 3 months IV: Gentamycin
Abnormal renal func/on: CeRriaxone
Oral: Coamoxiclav

Question 6

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS pathophysiology HSV 1

Answer 6

• Spread by saliva or close personal contact
• 1° infec:on: between 1-5 years
• HSV infec:on usually followed aCer 1-2 weeks by erythema mul:forme

Question 7

Clinical HSV

Answer 7

Gingivostomatitis
Eczema herpe>cum
Meningoencephali>s
Conjunc>vi>s &
keratoconjunc>vi>s
Disseminated herpes
Recurrent disease

Question 8

SCARLET FEVER

Answer 8

Group A beta-haemoly7c strep
* Pa7ents with toxin hypersensi7vity: develop rash

Sx
* Fever
* Sore throat
* 1-2 days prior to rash: abdominal pain
* Rash
* White strawberry tongue

Question 9

Treatment SCARLET FEVER

Answer 9

• Penicillin
• Alterna7ve: macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin) or clindamycin

Question 10

Complica4ons

Answer 10

Complica4ons
* Sep7caemia
* OM
* Pneumonia
* Rheuma7c fever
* Acute glomerulonephri7s