inferential statistics research methods Flashcards
(35 cards)
what three things do you need to consider when choosing a statistical test?
research design
research aim
level of measurement
what are the two types of research design
related = produced by repeated measures and matched pairs
independent = produced from independent groups design
what are the two types of research aim?
is the aim to test a significant difference of a significant association/ correlation
what are the three levels of measurement/ data
nominal
ordinal
interval
what is nominal data ?
- most basic level of measurement
- frequency count that can be put into one category but not rank order
- e.g. a frequency count on the number of aggressive and non aggressive acts in an observation
what is ordinal data
- consists of a list of data than can be ranked in order, but not data that would fit into an interval scale
- do not have an objective scale
- e.g. the subjective rating of happiness (on a scale from 1 to 10) that participants may score themselves as on a questionnaire. A happiness rating of 10 is higher than 5, but it is not twice as happy as 5
what is interval data ?
- measured on a scale in which each interval is exactly the same size
- e.g. this is interval data because each second is the same duration, and 10 seconds are twice as long as 5 seconds.
what are the eight different statistical tests
- Spearman’s Rho
- Wilcoxon signed ranks test
- Mann Whitney U test
- Chi squared test
- Pearson’s r
- unrelated
- related
- sign test
what is Spearman’s Rho ?
- a test for significant association
- the levels of measurement must be ordinal
what is Wilcoxon signed ranks test ?
- a test for significant difference
- for related data ( repeated groups or matched pairs)
- level of measurement is ordinal
what is Mann- Whitney U test?
- a test of significant difference
- independent groups design
- level of measurement is ordinal
what is chi squared test ?
- test for difference or association
- nominal data
- if it’s for a test of difference than it is independent groups design
what is a sign test
- tests for a difference
- for related
- for nominal data
What is Pearson’s r test
- tests for an association
- interval data
what is unrelated t- test
- tests for a difference
- independent group design
- interval data
what is a related t test
- tests for a difference
- related
- interval data
Independent + nominal =
chi squared test
independent + ordinal =
Mann Witney u test
independent + interval
unrelated t test
related + nominal =
sign test
related + ordinal =
Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test
related + interval
related t test
association + nominal =
chi squared
association + ordinal
Spearman’s Rho
