Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Foundations2 > inflammation > Flashcards

inflammation Flashcards

0
Q

Mediators of vascular permeability

A

Swelling
Early mediators: histamine, bradykinin, PAF, thrombin, leukotrienes
Late mediators: IL-1beta, TNF alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Mediators of Vascular dilation

A

Redness-

NO, PGI2, PAF, bradykinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does increased endothelial permeability cause?

A

swelling
exudate- fibrin (protein) rich, purulent/suppurative (pus)
transudate- cell poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Patterns of acute inflammatory response

A
  1. Suppurative (pus)
  2. Abscess- liquefactive necrosis w fibrin wall
  3. Ulcerative- ice cream scoop
  4. Pseudomembranous- (ex. c diff)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common etiologies of acute inflammatory response?

A

bacteria and cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acute inflammatory response can result in? (2)

A
  • resolution or scarring if stim is destroyed

- necrosis if stim is not destroyed (depends on how frequently affected cell divides)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of granulomas

A

Non-caseating: from foreign body, fungus, parasite, immune system
Caseating: TB (usually) or bartonella (cat scratch)
Necrotizing: fungus (ex. histoplasma) or immune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Etiologies of chronic inflammation?

A

bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal, etc; immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What makes up a granuloma?

A 
lymphocytes, fibroblasts
activated MAC (by Th1) --> epithelial histiocyte, aggregation --> multinucleated giant cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytopathic changes are associated with what??

A

viral infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Leukocyte adhesion steps?

A
  1. P-selectin (from weibel palade bodies) go to surface of endothelial cells; bind mucin (PSGL-1, ESL-1) of leukocytes
  2. chemokine dependent activation (TNFa, IL-1): chemokine binds low affinity integrin of leukocyte –> high affinity integrin to surface (VLA4, LFA1); chemokine –> VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 to endothelial surface, bind integrins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Transmigration of leukocyte?

A

Ca2+ influx –> mysoin contraction –> leukocyte transmigration paracellularly
PECAM1 and CD99 help

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemotactic factors in leukocyte transmigration?

A

C5a, IL-8, LTB4, PAF; guide through ECM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Selectin?

A

Leukocyte adhesion
P-selectin in Weibel palade bodies of endothelial
Sent to surface of endothelial cell
Binds Mucin of leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mucin?

A

Leukocyte adhesion
PSGL-1, ESL-1
on leukoctyes
binds selectins of endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Weibel Palade bodies?

A

Leukocyte adhesion
contain P-selectin
in endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PSGL-1

A

Leukocyte adhesion

Mucin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Integrin

A

Leukocyte adhesion
on leukocytes
cytokines binding to low affinity integrin induces high affinity integrin sent to surface (VLA4, LFA1)

18
Q

ESL-1

A

Leukocyte adhesion

Mucin

19
Q

VLA4

A

Leukocyte adhesion

high affinity integrin

20
Q

VCAM-1

A

Leukocyte adhesion
Sent to endothelial surface with cytokine activation
binds high affinity integrins (VLA4, LFA1)

21
Q

LFA-1

A

Leukocyte adhesion

High affinity integrin on leukocyte

22
Q

ICAM-1

A

leukocyte adhesiion
sent to endothelial surface with cytokine activation
binds high affinity integrins of leukocyte (VLA4, LFA1)

23
Q

PECAM1

A

helps with transmigration

24
CD99
helps with transmigration
25
Clinical features of inflammation (4)
erythema (red), warmth, swelling, pain
26
Diurnal variation
lower body temp in am than in pm
27
Pyrexia v hyperexia v hyperthermia
Pyrexia = higher set point Hyperpyrexia = super high set point (can --> infection and CNS damage) Hyperthermia=increase in temp (heat stroke)
28
What resets set point? How do they work?
Pyrogens | Works on anterior nucleus of hypothalamus --> PGE2 release (via NFkappaB TF) --> cAMP pathway --> increase set point
29
what does CRP target?
C-reactive protein binds PC and LPS of bacteria/fungi binds PC of damaged cells
30
What are acute phase proteins?
CRP and MBL from liver
31
What does MBL target?
mannose rich bacteria
32
ESR?
erythrocyte sedimentation rate normal 18mm/hr increases with infection
33
Leukocytosis
increase in # of WBC
34
Neutrophilia? what does path look like?
increase neutrophil # | "left sshift" increased immature forms: bands (horshoes) and metamyelocytes (kidneys)
35
Etiology of neutrophilia?
bacterial infection, tissue necrosis, prednisone (used to treat inflamm)
36
Leukomoid reaction
very high WBC count | similar to leukemia
37
Eosinophilia
Increase eosinophil #
38
Eosinophilia etiologies
immune response to allergies, psoriasiss eczema, parasitic infection
39
Lymphocytosis
Increase lymphocyte #
40
Lymphocytosis etiology
viral infection
41
Leukopenia
decrease WBC <4000/microL
42
Etiologies of leukopenia
bacterial, viral, protozoa

Foundations2 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions