Inflammation

Question 1

What is acute inflammation?

Answer 1

Series of protective changes occurring in living tissue as response to injury

Question 2

What are the clinical presentations of chronic inflammation?

Answer 2

No specfic sore bit
Feeling unwell
Loss of function

Question 3

What are the causes of chronic inflammation?

Answer 3

Granulation tissue
Inflammatory response to own tissue
Lymphocytes etc…

Question 4

What are the 3 cell types involved in the chronic inflammation?

Answer 4

Lymphocytes
Plasma
Macrophages

Question 5

What is plasma?

Answer 5

Differentiated B-cells

Question 6

What do T-cells produce in chronic inflammation?

Answer 6

Cytokines and interferons

Question 7

What is the main function of lymphocytes?

Answer 7

Immune response and memory

Question 8

What is a macrophage?

Answer 8

Antigen presenting cell, engulfs antigens

Question 9

Where are macrophages found?

Answer 9

Bone marrow and blood tissues

Question 10

What is the function of macrophages in chronic inflammation?

Answer 10

To remove debris

Question 11

What stimulates granulomatous inflammation?

Answer 11

Indigestible antigens

Question 12

Give 3 examples of infectious granulomatous diseases

Answer 12

TB
Leprosy
Syphilis

Question 13

Give 3 examples of non-infective granulomas

Answer 13

Rheumatoid disease
Sarcoidosis
Crohn’s disease

Question 14

What favours wound healing?

Answer 14

Cleanliness
No haematoma
Normal inflammatory mechanism

Question 15

What impairs wound healing?

Answer 15

Dirty haematoma
Poorly nourished
Inhibition of angiogenesis

Question 16

What is an exudate?

Answer 16

Fluid rich in protein and plasma

Question 17

What is an oedema?

Answer 17

Accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space

Question 18

What is margination?

Answer 18

When neutrophils move to the endothelial aspect of the lumen

Question 19

What is granulation tissue?

Answer 19

New capillaries
Fibroblasts
Macrophages

Question 20

What is the name given to pus collection under pressure?

Answer 20

An abscess

Question 21

What is granulation tissue?

Answer 21

New capillaries (angiogenesis)
Fibroblasts and collagen
Macrophages

Question 22

What is a neutrophil?

Answer 22

A mobile phagocyte

Question 23

What can neutrophils denature?

Answer 23

Foreign antigens

Question 24

When do neutrophils die?

Answer 24

When granule contents is released

Question 25

Why can acute inflammation become chronic inflammation?

Answer 25

Failure to remove debris Large volume of damage Does not resolve

Question 26

What lays down collagen to repair damaged tissue?

Answer 26

Fibroblasts

Question 27

Give two examples of a lymphocyte

Answer 27

B-cell | T-cell

Question 28

What do B-cells facilitate?

Answer 28

The immune response

Question 29

What do cytokines do?

Answer 29

Attract and hold macrophages

Question 30

When is granulomas produced?

Answer 30

When an antigen cannot be digested by a macrophage

Question 31

In what disease is a langhans type giant cell usually found?

Answer 31

Tuberculosis

Question 32

What type of wound healing is used for larger defects?

Answer 32

Secondary intention

Question 33

What do you have to repair in a fracture healing as well as soft tissue?

Answer 33

The bony structure

Question 34

What does angiogenesis enable the blood supply to do in inflammation?

Answer 34

To enter the damaged tissue