Inflammation Flashcards
What is inflammation?
An innate response to damage -real or perceived
Formation of inflammatory exudate
What is inflammatory exudate?
Fluid that filters from the circulatory system into lesions or areas of inflammation
What are the characteristics of inflammation?
- Rubor (redness)
- Calor (heat)
- Tumour (swelling)
- Dolor (pain)
Function of megakaryocytes
Break up to form small platelets - important in blood clotting
Function of monocytes
Migrate to tissue –> differentiate into macrophages - phagoytosis and antigen presentation
Function of basophils (least common WBC)
Release histamines and prostaglandins –> dilation and increased capillary permeability
Function of mast cells
Key role in allergy and anaphalaxis
Function of eosinophils
Key role in anti-parasite response. Present antigens to the adaptive immune system. Generate cytokines and kill cancer cells
Function of neutrophils (50-60% of circulating WBCs)
Rapidly leave circulation to site of damage and die to form puss. Phagocytosis, release antimicrobials. Release cytokinins that recruit macrophages
Key cells and structures in inflammation
Blood cells (WBCs), blood vessels and chemical mediators
Acute Inflammation
- short duration
- involves neutrophils
Chronic inflammation
- longer duration
- lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages
What effect does an increased diameter and permeability and blood vessel have on inflammation?
Increases fluid influx so more swelling in tissues
What effect does a decrease in blood velocity have on inflammation?
Promotes margination and diapdesis
What is margination?
Cells move to outside of vessel
