Inflammation and repair Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is acute inflammation characterized by?
vasodilation/increased capillary permeability/ neutrophil infiltration
when does acute inflammation occur
it is the stereotypical initial response to trauma or infection
What is chronic inflammation characterized by?
More variable than acute inflammation
uses pieces of the immune system such as T-helper cells/ B-cells/ T-cells/ macrophages/ eosinophils etc depending on the cause of inflammation
is inflammation the same as infection
no
is inflammation part of the immune system
no but it is related t it in some capacities
what did Cornelius Celsus characterize inflammation signs as
What did rudolph Virchow add to the character signs?
redness/ heat/ pain/ swelling
(calor/rubor/dolor/tumor)
Loss of function
vasodilation
What sign in inflammation is caused by this
increased blood flow
redness and heat
Capillary permeability
What leaves the capillaries?
what sign does this cause
allows fluids from capillaries to leak into tissues
fluid/ proteins/ fibrinogen
swelling
what are the steps of neutrophil infiltration in acute inflammation
margination/ emigration/ chemotaxis/ phagocytosis/degranulation
what is nuetrophil margination
when the neutrophil sticks to the vessel wall with the help of adhesion molecules
what is emigration
when neutrophil slips through vessel wall into tissue through diapedisis
what is chemotaxis
when a chemical signal is followed
what is degranulation
when a cell cannot phagocytose efficiently and lysosome fuse with outer membrane releasing contents into the tissue causing pain
what is fibrinogen
they become fiber to stop blood loss
what is largely the causative agent to vasodilation and capillary permeability
histamine
what is diapedesis and chemotaxis driven by
C5a and luekotrienes
what does phagocytosis rely on
opsonins
what is released from degranulation
prostaglandins
leukotrienes
free radicals
lysosomal snzymes
what interferes with neutrophil function
steroid takers and those with diabetes
where is histamine released from
mast cells when degranulated
what is bradykinin
a pathway similar to compliment system but causes pain vasodilation and capillary permeability
What is the compliment system
collection of plasma proteins that react together in cascades
what is C3a/C5a called and their main responsibilities
anaphylatoxins
release histamines
what is anaphylaxis
when too many mast cells are stimulated to release histamine at one time
