Informality

Question 1

Planet of slums
Links rapid UBS, cap and NL policies
Lumpen proletariat

Answer 1

Davis 2006

Question 2

1/3 world’s urban pop live in slums

Answer 2

UN Habitat 2008

Question 3

Informality is a hidden geography:

Lack of data, IFS, no understanding of how much housing

Answer 3

Brennan

Question 4

Squatting
Agency
Incremen devel - possession of land without sale - illegal allows spreading of cost
No-rent
Encroachment

Answer 4

Chatterton

Question 5

Pirate UBS
Marked by invisible real estate market
Legally purchased and illegally subdiv
Privitization of squatting 
Istanbul 1960s e.g.

Answer 5

Davis 2006

Question 6

Problem with ‘slum’

Answer 6

Angotti 2006

Question 7

Tent cities

Answer 7

Loftus-Farren 2011

Question 8

Documenting informal sociality
Formalized forms of informal urban culture
Bottom up governance and resistance to gangs e.g. Favela Rising, Hip-Hop in Rocinha

Answer 8

De Silva and Shaw

Question 9

Documenting sociality

Answer 9

Malin

Question 10

Undercity on fringes of ever-looming ‘over-city’
Foster ingenuity, experimentation
Building new social collectives

Answer 10

Boo

Question 11

Self documentation
Rather than outsiders going in - ^ powerful
Subjugated voices

Answer 11

Pieterse

Question 12

Map Kibera, self documentation

Interactive community Programe

Answer 12

Marras

Question 13

Comm-led enumerations to create political groups
Conducing census’ on own NBDs
Most states don’t conduct as easier to demolish and not proivde services if not recognised

Answer 13

People’s Census: Slum Dweller’s Internat

Question 14

Residents of 1500 homes evicted in India

Answer 14

Banuwal Nagar, India

Question 15

Aesthetics

What is deemed ‘illegal’ is what looks illegal

Answer 15

Ghertner 2008

Question 16

Econ lib, bourgeois citizens want a city that matches aspirations for gracious living
No place for poor
Apartheid-style seg the norm

Answer 16

Baviskar

Question 17

People as IFS

Max output from min

Answer 17

Simone

Question 18

Associational life
City = perm settlement of soically heterog indivs
Full of associations

Answer 18

Wirth 1997

Question 19

Autonomous way of life - failure of modern states to fulfill needs of informals
Refrain from resorting to police and offics - cos of failure to deliver

Answer 19

Bayat 2010

Question 20

Kinds of street pol are not extradordinary - but spontaneous
They are logical and natural, far from destructive behaviour of the ‘lumpen proletariat’
Imposs for authorities to resist them as informals will respond with on the spot resistance

Answer 20

Bayat 2010

Question 21

Silent and free form mobilisation
Silent encroachment and autonomous
Current focus on notion of ‘civil soc’ belittles uninstitutionalized and hybrid social activities of informals
There is more than 1 conception of ‘civil soc’
Reductionism excludes modes of struggle and expression that are more effective and extensive as formal, institutionalized counterparts

Answer 21

Holston

Question 22

Unregulated domain of activities, unplanned

Outside institutionalized regulation

Answer 22

Castells and Porter

Question 23

A demo from below - practice of subaltern

Answer 23

Appadurai 2001

Question 24

State and incrementalism:
Repressive policy especc of mercantilist state producing inefficiency and thus forcing poeple to seek inf/autonomous lives
Demo state - ^ efficient but less ground for aunomous as’ll become integrated - more inclned to play games

Answer 24

Pieterse

Question 25

Need quiet encroachment of the ordinary | Small movements to catalize huge social movements

Answer 25

Pieterse

Question 26

Insurgent Urbanism Counter modernist state Life outside norm and institutional definitions of legal codes Shared community becomes a prob as IU is against formal citizenship as is more complex and shifting

Answer 26

Holston

Question 27

Property is the basis of inequality

Answer 27

Rousseau 1755

Question 28

Rev based on land - basis of inequality and freedom

Answer 28

Malcolm X

Question 29

The mystery of capital Govs should reward squatters with land titles Could finance entreprises or investments were it not for legal obstacles If owned land, then can take out loan - entrepreneurship Cap hasn't found way of bringing these people into capital system Housing not worth much individually, but collectivlying - burgeoning market But I says rewarding a squatter is like rewarding a pickpocket

Answer 29

De Soto 2000

Question 30

Legality of Federations of Tenants Association

Answer 30

Sanjay Gandhi Nagar, Gurgoan, Mumbai

Question 31

Governance important in ensuring authorities are accountable to citizens

Answer 31

Satterthwaite 2002

Question 32

Institutional pluralism Failed to keep up with demand and state accused of shirking responsibilities Shift from state handling own and ^ingly states working with so assocs States shift from provider to a enabler

Answer 32

Hobson

Question 33

Mumbai's SRA Construct of tenements cross-subsidized by tenements sold on open market Partnership model - 40% of land to sell to MC Govs finding it ^ingly hard to find land for sites and services and other schemes in locations where income generating activities are near

Answer 33

Burra

Question 34

80s - RSP of states and civil society Donating serviced land so could build homes and RS when money X - land allocation on city peripheries Little take up and bought by wealthy

Answer 34

Enabling Shelter Strategies

Question 35

Why India can't plan its cities

Answer 35

Roy 2009

Question 36

Legal expropriation of land in favour of public interests This is an oxymoron Territorialized flexibility Convergence of legal and extralegal

Answer 36

Vesting

Question 37

Why are some places deemed illegal and worthy of demolition?

Answer 37

Ghernter

Question 38

Speculative urbanism

Answer 38

Goldman

Question 39

Soft politicization of toilets

Answer 39

Chatterjee

Question 40

Sani and urban geography Shows why people some people use certain spaces e.g. divs of gender and class And social rules that govern NBD - eth, relig divide city due to social issues

Answer 40

Jewitt

Question 41

Gender relations being destabilised by sanitation

Answer 41

Bapat and Agarwall

Question 42

Urban geography has a holistic approach - ANT

Answer 42

Latour 2010