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Laboratory Management > Information Management > Flashcards

Information Management Flashcards

1
Q

Defined as a system that incorporates all the processes needed for effectively managing data—both incoming and outgoing patient information.

A

Information Management

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2
Q

_____ need to ensure that the laboratory has an effective information management system in place in order to achieve accessibility, accuracy, timeliness, security, confidentiality, and privacy of patient information.

A

Laboratory Directors

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3
Q

Important Elements of Information Management:

A
  1. Unique identifiers for patients and samples
  2. Standardized test request forms
  3. Logs and worksheets
  4. Checking processes to ensure the accuracy of data recording and transmission
  5. Protection against loss of data
  6. Protection of patient confidentiality and privacy
  7. Effective reporting systems
  8. Effective and timely communication
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4
Q

Elements under Logs and Worksheets:

A

Control logbooks
Calibration worksheets
Temperature monitoring worksheet
Result logbooks

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5
Q

The process by which information is exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior.

A

Communication

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6
Q

The exchange of thoughts, messages, or information using speech, signals, writing, or behavior.

A

Communication

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7
Q

The art and technique of using words effectively to impart information or ideas.

A

Communication

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8
Q

A system, such as mail, telephone, television, or computer, for sending and receiving messages.

A

Communication

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9
Q

The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.

A

Communication

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10
Q

Identify the Model of Communication:

To select symbols with which to compose a message.

A

Encode

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11
Q

Identify the Model of Communication:

The tangible formulation of an idea to be sent to a receiver.

A

Message

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12
Q

Identify the Model of Communication:

The carrier of communication.

A

Channel

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13
Q

Identify the Model of Communication:

To translate the symbols used in a message for the purpose of interpreting its meaning.

A

Decode

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14
Q

Identify the Model of Communication:

A response by the receiver to the sender’s communication.

A

Feedback

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15
Q

Identify the Person who Stated the Importance of Communication in Management Theories:

“The first executive functions is to develop and maintain a system of communication.”

A

Chester Barnard

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16
Q

Identify the Person who Stated the Importance of Communication in Management Theories:

“Organizational interaction depends on communications.”

A

Hicks

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17
Q

Identify the Person who Stated the Importance of Communication in Management Theories:

“The nature and used of communications in excellent companies are remarkable.”

A

Peters and Waterman

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18
Q

A plan used by the laboratory for the dissemination
of information.

A

Management Communication Strategy

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19
Q

Discuss the Cycle of Communication in Processing Laboratory Determination.

A

Circular Diagram: Physician, Patient/Laboratory Request, Specimen Collection, Laboratory Processing, and Releasing of Results

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20
Q

Request Form should contain at least the following information:

A

⚬ Laboratory procedure
⚬ Identification of the patient
⚬ Name of the physician
⚬ Date and time the specimen was collected
⚬ Date and time the specimen was received
⚬ Date, time and by whom the specimen was examined
⚬ Condition of any unsatisfactory specimen
⚬ Type of test or procedure performed
⚬ Results and date of reporting

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21
Q

General Qualities of a Laboratory Report:

A

⚬ Compactness
⚬ Consistency of terminology, format and usage of understandability
⚬ Clear and easy to understand
⚬ Statement of date and time of collection
⚬ Gross description and source of the specimen when pertinent
⚬ Sharp differentiation of reference or normal and abnormal values
⚬ The sequential order of multiple results on a single specimen
⚬ Identification of patient, patient location and physician
⚬ Assurance of accuracy of transcription of request

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22
Q

Who is responsible for all Laboratory Report?

A

Laboratory Head

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23
Q

1 of the 12 essential elements of the quality system.

A

Documents and Records

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24
Q

A major goal of keeping documents and records is _____.

A

To find information whenever it is needed.

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25
Q

Provide written information about policies, processes and procedures.

A

Documents

26
Q

The collected information produced by the laboratory in the process of performing and reporting a laboratory test.

A

Records

27
Q

Examples of Documents:

A

Quality Manuals
SOP
Job Aids

28
Q

Important Documents in Clinical Laboratory:

A

Quality Manual
Reference Material
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

29
Q

A document that describes the quality management system of an organization (ISO 15189).

A

Quality Manual

30
Q

Purpose of having a Quality Manual:

A

⚬ Clearly communicate information
⚬ Serve as a framework for meeting quality system requirements
⚬ Convey a managerial commitment to the quality system.

31
Q

What are the things indicated in a Laboratory Quality Manual?

A
  1. Meeting management
  2. Safe manipulation
  3. Equipment installation process
  4. Equipment repair process
  5. Decontamination of laboratory
    equipment
  6. Equipment decommission
  7. General sampling conditions
  8. Sample labelling
  9. Sample rejection or acceptance
  10. Sample transport
  11. Results validation
  12. Critical results reporting
  13. Internal audit
  14. Orientation checklist form
  15. Internal training
  16. Competency assessment
  17. Customer survey
  18. Customer complaint
  19. Nonconforming event
    management
  20. Internal documents management
  21. SOP management
  22. Document management
  23. Short term archiving
  24. Document control
32
Q

True or False:

There is two official version of a Quality Manual

A

False

There is only one official version of a Quality Manual

33
Q

True or False:

The quality manual is never finished - it is always being improved.

A

True

The quality manual is never finished - it is always being improved.

34
Q

General Information that are contained in the Manual:

A

Quality policy of the laboratory
Reference to all processes and procedures
Table of contents: Description of the laboratory and staff education and training

35
Q

State the laboratory and institutional policy for the guidance of those working in the laboratory.

A

Policy Manual

36
Q

Information included in the Policy Manual:

A

⚬ Dress Codes
⚬ Food and smoking rules
⚬ Telephone use
⚬ Laboratory organizations and reporting relationship
⚬ Writing, review and authorization of procedures
⚬ Vacation and holiday request
⚬ Supply requisition
⚬ Absences and late arrival notification
⚬ Reporting and releasing of test results
⚬ Specific statements about enforcement of safety rules

37
Q

Contain written step-by-step instructions that laboratory staff should meticulously follow when performing a procedure.

A

Standard Operating Procedures

38
Q

Written SOPs ensure the following:

A

Consistency
Accuracy
Quality

39
Q

SOP should have the following:

A
  • Title
  • Purpose
  • Instructions
  • Name of person preparing the SOP
  • Signatures of approving officials and dates of approval
40
Q

A good SOP should be:

A
  • Detailed, clear and concise
  • Easily understood by new personnel or students in training
  • Reviewed and approved by the laboratory
  • Updated on a regular basis
41
Q

Good Reference Materials are needed in order to find scientific and clinical information about:

A

Diseases
Laboratory Methods
Procedures

42
Q

Importance of Paper System when Storing Documents and Records:

A

Permanence
Accessibility
Security
Traceability

43
Q

Importance of Electronic System when Storing Documents and Records:

A

Permanence
Security
Traceability

44
Q

Factors on Record Retention:

A
  • The length of time the laboratory will need to have access to its records
  • Government requirements or standards that dictate record retention times
  • Whether the laboratory is engaged in ongoing research requiring many years of data
  • The time interval between the laboratory’s assessments or audits
45
Q

These are Laboratory Information, either written by hand or computer-printed; they are permanent, and are not revised or modified.

A

Records

46
Q

Record Retention for:

Requisition and Accession Logs

A

2 Years

47
Q

Record Retention for:

Maintenance and Instruments Logs

A

2 Years

48
Q

Record Retention for:

Quality Control Records

A

2 Years

49
Q

Record Retention for:

Blood Bank Donor/Receipt Records

A

10 Years

50
Q

Record Retention for:

Blood Bank Patient Records

A

10 Years

51
Q

Record Retention for:

Blood Bank Employees Signature

A

10 Years

52
Q

Record Retention for:

Blood Bank QC Records

A

5 Years

53
Q

Record Retention for:

Clinical Pathology Test Records

A

2 Years

54
Q

Record Retention for:

Reports (Cytology, Surgical, Non-Forensic)

A

10 Years

55
Q

Record Retention for:

Cytogenetic Reports and Images

A

20 Years

56
Q

Record Retention for:

Flow Cytometry Plots and Histograms

A

10 Years

57
Q

Computer network of hardware and software for receiving, processing, and storing laboratory data and information.

A

Laboratory Information System

58
Q

Laboratory Information System can interface with _____ to transfer data into patient records, evaluate quality control data, and store preventive maintenance records.

A

Laboratory Instruments

59
Q

Components of an LIS:

A
  1. The LIS Software User Interface
  2. Request Entry
  3. Data (Results) Entry
  4. Data Storage
  5. System Security
  6. Barcoding
  7. Interface
  8. Manual Procedures
  9. System Maintenance
  10. Disaster Recovery
60
Q

Information provided by an LIS:

A
  • Patient Demographics
  • Work Lists
  • Data Retrieval (Inquiry)
  • Quality Control
  • Quality Assurance
  • Management Reports
  • Encoding Systems
61
Q

Advantages of Computerized Systems:

A
  • Error reduction
  • Quality control management
  • Provision of option for data searching
  • Access to patient information
  • Generate reports
  • Ability to tracks reports
  • Improved capacity for maintaining patient confidentiality
  • Financial management
  • Integration with site outside the lab
62
Q

Disadvantages of Computerized Systems:

A
  • Training
  • Time to adapt to a new system
  • Cost
  • Physical restrictions
  • Need for backup system

Laboratory Management (7 decks)

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