Information Processing Flashcards
What kind of approach is the Information-Processing Approach?
Cognitive
What is the Information-Processing Approach?
A cognitive approach where people manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it
Cognitive psychologists often draw analogies to what to help explain the relation between cognition and the brain?
Computers
True or false: The information processing abilities of children increase as they grow by the influence of increases in cognitive resources.
True
What happens as children grow, mature, and experience the world?
Their information-processing abilities increase
Information processing in children is characterized by ______, where they learn to use what they have learned in previous circumstances to adapt their responses to a new situation.
Self-modification
What affect does attention have on cognitive processing for many tasks?
It improves them! –Attention improves cognitive processing for many tasks.
______ is considered a label for approaches that explain behavior by examining mental processes.
Cognitive Psychology
What is the attention of preschoolers influenced by the most?
external stimuli/salient information in the environment
Identify a true statement about memory. -> 1) it’s the same capacity for every child 2) it’s different from cognition 3) it anchors the self in continuity
3) It anchors the self in continuity.
What is Attention?
The focusing of mental resources
Why is chunking helpful?
It helps make large amounts of information manageable.
What is rehearsal useful for?
Remembering something for a short period of time (like a shopping list)
What does Working Memory help with?
Decision making and problem solving
What is the form of memory that holds information from the world in it’s original form (but only for an instant!)
Sensory Memory
What is specialized to briefly store speech-based information about the sounds of language?
The Phonological Loop
What does a verbatim memory trace consist of?
Precise details
What does a fuzzy trace consist of?
The central idea of the information
The concept of encoding specificity is compatible with the process of Blank______, and they both reveal the interdependence of encoding and retrieval.
elaboration
What are some goof learning strategies recommended for children?
Consolidating learning, asking themselves questions, and taking good notes (not just verbatim)
True or false: There exists considerable individual variation in adolescents’ metacognition abilities.
True
