Infrared Modalities

Question 1

what color is the least refracted? (most common form of treatment)

Answer 1

red (infrared region) - most heat

Question 2

what changes occur with UV radiation?

Answer 2

chemical changes

Question 3

what are examples of utlraviolet regions?

Answer 3

X-ray, alpha and gamma rays

Question 4

temperature does/does not equal the amount of heat.

Answer 4

does not

Question 5

greater the heat difference, the greater the _____ change

Answer 5

temperature

Question 6

what is the normal body temp

Answer 6

98.6

Question 7

what is the normal skin temp

Answer 7

90-94

Question 8

based on conduction, how does heat transfer?

Answer 8

via molecular collisions

Question 9

examples of convection

Answer 9

hot and cold whirlpools

fluidotherapy

Question 10

examples of radiation

Answer 10

infrared lamps, laser, UV light

Question 11

example of evaporation of perspiration.

Answer 11

vapocoolant sprays

Question 12

what is a better conductor: muscle or adipose tissue?

Answer 12

muscle

Question 13

infrared modalities will not penetrate deeper than ____cm

Answer 13

1cm

Question 14

what do infrared modalities primarily affect?

Answer 14

cutaneous blood flow and cutaneous nerve receptors

Question 15

when does mild heat begin to have a local effect?

Answer 15

mild subacute inflammation

Question 16

what concept should you follow if local heat is contraindicated for the pt?

Answer 16

consensual heat vasodilation

Question 17

what do muscle spasms result from?

Answer 17

overuse of muscles and muscle guarding to protect joints

Question 18

when does muscle guarding mostly occur?

Answer 18

during acute phase

Question 19

reduction of muscle guarding an reduction of joint contractures are indications for _____

Answer 19

thermotherapy

Question 20

what allows for a much higher treatment technique?

Answer 20

fluidotherapy: 110-125

Question 21

what is unique about flidotherapy?

Answer 21

can reduce edema even at high temps

Question 22

what phase of the healing process is fluidotherapy good for?

Answer 22

acute phase

Question 23

what temperature allows for vasoconstriction?

Answer 23

57 degrees

Question 24

what temperature allows for analgesia

Answer 24

58 degrees

Question 25

cryotherapy _____ inflammation.

Answer 25

reduces

Question 26

what is good for spasticity?

Answer 26

the cold - gives voluntary control

Question 27

what is more effective for muscle spasms: heat or cold?

Answer 27

cold

Question 28

what decreases the nerve conduction velocity?

Answer 28

cold

Question 29

what specific effects does the cold have on muscle spasms?

Answer 29

decreased neural activity, golgi tendon organs fire slower

Question 30

what increases BP?

Answer 30

cryotherapy

Question 31

what takes longer to cool? (type of tissue)

Answer 31

adipose tissue

Question 32

what is it called when there is a reflex increase in temperature that occurs in 20-30 min cold treatment?

Answer 32

hunting

Question 33

for hunting response to occur, what temp are you at?

Answer 33

<10 degrees celsius

Question 34

when does a frostbite occur?

Answer 34

when tissue temp falls below 0 degrees

Question 35

rate coldest to least coldest

Answer 35

ice massage > ice pack > gel pack

Question 36

what takes longer to return to a pre-temp?

Answer 36

cooled area

Question 37

what is the only thing that you could do to potentially prompt rewarming after cold is applied?

Answer 37

activity/exercise

Question 38

stages of sensation for cryotherapy

Answer 38

cold, stinging, achy, numbness

Question 39

when is there increased strength with ice?

Answer 39

with isometric strength after 5 minutes with ice

Question 40

when is there decreased strength with ice?

Answer 40

prolonged ice since this decreases blood flow