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Neuro 1 Exam > Infratemporal Fossa and Temperomandibular Joint > Flashcards

Infratemporal Fossa and Temperomandibular Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What does the temporal region contain?

A
  1. Temporal fossa, located above the zygomatic arch
  2. Infratemopral fossa, located above the zygomatic arch
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2
Q

Locate the pterygopalatine fossa

on the bone

A
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3
Q

Locate

  1. articular tubercle
  2. Zygomatic bone (zygomatic process is not on SL)
A
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4
Q

locate the

lateral pterygoid plate

pterygoid hamulus

sphenoidal spine

sphenopalatine foramen

Mandibular fossa

A
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5
Q

what are the boundaries of the infratempral fossa?

A
  • Lateral: ramus of mandible
  • Anterior: Maxilla
  • Medial: lateral pterygoid plate
  • Roof: greater wing of the spenoid bone
  • Posterior: tympanic plate, mastoid process and styloid process
  • Inferior: angle of the mandible
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6
Q

What. are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?

A

1. Inferior portion of the temporalis m.

2. Lateral and medial pterygoid muscle

3. Maxillary A

4. Pterygoid venous plexus

5. Nerves:

  • inferior alveolar (V3),
  • Lingual n (V3),
  • Long buccal N. (V3),
  • chorda tympanic (CN VII),
  • otic ganglion
  • Auriculotemporal N.
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7
Q

In the infratemporal fossa, will we be able to see the chorda tympani N?

A

it will be covered by the lateral pterygoid m.

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8
Q

in the infratemporal region, what is important to find?

A

maxillary. A

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9
Q

what does the long buccal N do?

A

Part of V3

Provide sensation to the inner cheek and gum. does NOT innervate. buccinator. m.

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10
Q

where does chorda tympani N arise from in the infratemporal fossa?

actions?

A
  1. Petrotympanic fissue > lingual N -> carries taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and GVE to sublingual and submandibular N.
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11
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar A and N go to in the infratemporal fossa

A

Mandibular foramen

It will have a the mylohyoid N coming off of it.

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12
Q

What tells us that. we bit. our tongue?

A

lingual N. (V3)

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13
Q

Go over maxillary A

A
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14
Q

What veins do we need to identify on the face?

A
  1. Supraorbital V
  2. Superficial temporal V.
  3. Retromandibular V.
  4. Superior opthalamic V
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15
Q

What branches of the mandibular N (V3) should we see in the infratemporal region?

A
  1. Buccal N.
  2. Lingual N.
  3. Mental N.

THOSE THREE ARE SOMATIC SENSORY

  1. Inferior alveolar N, branching into N to the mylohyoid M.
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16
Q
A
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17
Q

If a muscle has the name TENSOR in it, what. innervates it?

A

Trigeminal N (V)

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18
Q

Describe how the anesthesia of a dentician is done through nerve blocks

A

The posterior superior alveolar N is an independent branch off of V2 (maxillary N). The middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves come off of the infraorbital nerve - just like the arteries.

If the dentist wants to pull out the back deeth, anestasize the poterior superior alveolar n.

If he wnts to pull out the side teeth, he will inject in the middle superior alveolar n.

If he wants to pull ut the front tooth, anestasize in the middle of gums, [goes or infraorbital N -> anterior superior alveolar N]/

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19
Q

Where does maxillary. N go through?

A

foramen rotundum

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20
Q

Where does the posterior superior alveolar N go to?

A

maxilla -> maxillary sinus

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21
Q

What nerves will we see in the infratemporal region?

A

Branches of V2 (maxillary N)

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22
Q

What goes through. stylomastoid foramen

A

facial N

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23
Q

What happens if you get a fracture on the neck of the mandible?

what. about the ramus and corpus of the mandible?

A

Neck: damage the. maxillary A.

Ramus: damage the infraalveolar structures

If you hit. the corpus of. the mandible, it is not as bad.

24
Q

What. are the branches of V3. (mandibular N)?

A
  1. Buccal N
  2. Lingual N
  3. Mental N
  4. Inferior alveolar N.
  5. Auriculotemporal N
25
how does the maxillary A run in relation to the lateral pterygoid m.
it. can run lateral to it or medial (behind) it.
26
how can maxillary A run in relation to the nerves in the infratemporal fossa
medial to buccal abut lateral lingual and inferior alveolar lateral to inferior alveolar but medial to everything else medial in front. of mandibular N (V3)
27
The muscles of mastication. are innervated by what? how do they work?
**Trigeminal N (V3)**, which move the mandible. at the TMJ joint
28
what are. the 4 PAIRED muscles of mastication?
1. Temporalis 2. Masseter 3. Lateral pterygoid M. 4. Medial pterygoid M
29
What innervates orbicularis oris m
Facial N **Bucciator m and the oribicularis oris muscle are ACCESORY MUSCLES OF MASTICATION**
30
how do the lateral pterygoid m and medial pterygoid m act in relation to one another?
Lateral pterygoid miscle has a superior and inferior head. Medial pterygoid will hug (wrap around) lateral
31
What does the masseter m look like?
**1. Has a superficial head** **2. Has a deep head**
32
overal axn of pterygoid muscles
1. Lateral opens mouth, protrudes and helps to move side to side. 2. Medial will close mouth, protrude mandible and helps move side to side
33
What opens our mandible?
1. Stabilize the hyoid inferiorly. If not, it will raise the larynx when we swallow. 2. **Digastric m, geniohyiod m, mylohyoid m, stylohyoid m** 3. **Sternohyoid m, sternothyroid m, thyrohyoid m, omohyoid m** will anchor the jaw in place that we. can pull down on the hyoid bone -\> open jaw -\> move trachea inferiorly
34
Whtat. ms help to elevate. (close) our mandible
1. Temporalis 2. Masseter. 3. Medial pterygoids
35
What helps to depress (open) our mandible?
1. Lateral pterygoids 2. Suprahyoid muscles 3. Infrahyoid muscles.
36
What helps to protrude our mandible?
1. LAteral pterygoids 2. Masseter. m 3. Medial pterygoids
37
What helps to retract our mandible?
1. Temporalis m. 2. Masseter M
38
What helps. to laterally. move our mandible?
1. Ipsilateral temporalis and masetter m 2. Contralateral. pterygoids.
39
what L stabilize TMJ joint
**1. Lateral (temporo-mandibular) L** **2. Stylomandibular L**
40
what kind of joint is the TMJ joint
synovial
41
What L limit the movement anterior dislocation of TMJ
**1. Sphenomandibular L** **2. Stylomandibular L**
42
What allows free movement of the **TMJ**?
articular disk, which has superior head and inferior head of lateral pterygoid attached to it
43
What keeps the gleniod in the middle of the disk as it slides posteriorly. and anterioly?
Posterior and anterior bands of articular disc
44
Describe TMJ during GAPE
1. the first 15 degrees, the condylar process rotates in the joint. 2. Once we exceed 15 degrees, we dislocate the joint anteriorly (articular disk pops out) onto the ridge of the mandibular fossa. Articular disc moves onto the articular eminence because thr lateral pterygoid pulls it forward. If it keeps moving it forward, the disk stays there. and the condyle goes back. -\>. TMJ!!!
45
What innervates the TMJ?
**Branches of the mandibular N (V3)** _1. Auriculotemporal N_ _2. Posterior deep temporal N_ _3. Masseteric N_
46
what is the most common type of TMJ dislocation
**anterior dislocation.** HEad of the mandible can go into the **temporal fossa** from the mandibular fossa
47
how to reposition TMJ?
stick fingers in mouth and slide the jaw rearward
48
Anesthetic agents are commonly administered by injection to block pain during dental procedures. CN ____ is important..
**5** ## Footnote because it is the sensory nerve of the head, serving the teeth and mucosa of the oral cavity. Because the superior alveolar nerves (branches of CN V2) are not accessible, the maxillary teeth are locally anesthetized by injecting the agent into the tissues surrounding the roots of the teeth and allowing the solution to infiltrate the tissue to reach the terminal (dental) nerve branches that enter the root. By contrast, the **inferior alveolar nerve (CNV3)** is readily accessible and is probably anesthetized more frequentlythan any other nerve
49
An inferior alveolar nerve block anesthetizes the inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of CN
**V3**
50
how to do a **inferior alveolar n block**
**In mouth** go anterior to the pterygomandibular raphe (between the buccinator and superior pharyngeal constructor m) -\> where you will hit the **inferior alveolar N.** vein. When this nerve block is successful, all mandibular teeth (lower teeth) are anesthetized to the median plane
51
in inferior alvolar N block what is also taken out (anesthasized?
. The **skin** and **mucous membrane of the lower lip,** the labial alveolar mucosa and **gingivae**, and the **skin of the chin** are also anesthetized b**ecause they are supplied by the mental nerve,** a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve
52
Sometimes during yawning or taking a large bite (above 15 degrees), excessive contraction of the __________ may cause the heads of the mandible to dislocate \_\_\_\_\_\_
**lateral pterygoids** **anterioly** **mandible remains depressed and person cannot close their. mouth**
53
Because of the close relationship of the ____ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_to the TMJ, care must be taken during surgical to prevent damage to them
**_facial_ and _auriculotemporal_**
54
where do we inject. to take out posterior superior alveolar N
next to second molar
55
How do we take out the front teeth?
The anterior teeth can only be anesthetized via a block of the **infraorbital nerve** as it comes out of the infraorbital foramen. This is a _deep injection._ Whill also take up upper lip and front teeth

Neuro 1 Exam (24 decks)

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