Inheritance Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is a gene?
A length of DNA that codes for a single polypeptide.
What is a locus?
The position on a chromosome that a gene occupies.
What is an allele?
Different forms of the same gene that occupy the same locus.
What is a genotype?
The genetic constituition of an organism. (the alleles it has for a gene)
What is a phenotype?
The expression of the genotype and its interaction with the environment.
What is a dominant allele?
A gene that is always expressed.
What is codominance allele?
When both alleles are equally dominant SO are expressed at the same time.
What is sex linkage?
Some genes are found on a region of a sex chromosome that is not present on the other sex chromosome, therefore inheritance dependent on sex.
What is autosomal linkage?
genes that are located on the same chromosome (but not the sex chromosome)
- alleles are linked so the alleles for each gene will be linked together
What is heterozygous?
One dominant, one recessive allele (Bb)
What is homozygous?
Homozygous recessive = two recessive alleles (bb)
Homozygous dominant = two dominant alleles (BB)
What is the chi squared test?
Stats test to see whether the difference between expected and observed results in experiments are statistically significant or insignificant.
- categorical date
what is a recessive allele?
an allele only expressed if no domimant allele is present
what is multiple alleles?
more than 2 alleles for a single gene
what is epistasis?
when one gene influences the expression of another gene
what is monohybrid?
genetic heritance cross of characteristic determined by one gene
dihybrid
A genetic cross where the inheritance of 2 genes is considered at the same time
what does it show if results of allele ratio do not match expected ratio?
crossing over must’ve occurred during meiosis to make a new combination of gametes
what is hardy weinberg?
maths model used to predict the allele frequencies within a population
