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Flashcards in inheritance triple Deck (17)
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1
Q

genes code for protiens

A

each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids which are put together to form a protein

2
Q

what are genes

A

a section of DNA that codes for a sequence of amino acids

3
Q

how are proteins synthesized

A

template of DNA made in nucleus

template moves into cytoplasm and attaches to ribosomes

carrier molecules bring amino acids to template

carrier molecules return to cytoplasm

amino acid bond to template folling instructions from DNA

amino acids bond together and form protien
protein detaches

folds to form its shape for its job

4
Q

what are expressed genes

A

gene codes for a protein that is synthesised in a cell

5
Q

what did mendal discover about his experiment

A

height characteristics was determined by hereditary units passed on from each parent

6
Q

what were mendals conclusions

A

characteristics in plants are determined by hereditary units
passed on to offspring
can be dominant or recessive

7
Q

what was lamarks theroy

A

changes that an organism acquires during its lifetime will be passed on to its offspring

8
Q

what is tissue cloning

A

few plant cell put in growth medium with hormones

9
Q

what are cuttings

A

taken from parent plant to produce identical copies

10
Q

how does embryo cloning work

A

sperm cell taken and used to fertilize egg cell.
embryo is split many times
embryos can be implanted

11
Q

how does adult cell cloning work

A

unfertilized egg cell and removing its nucleus
nucleus removed from adult cell and inserted into empty cell
mild shock
implanted into womb

12
Q

what are issues with cloning

A

reduced gene pool
greater understanding
not as healthy

13
Q

what do mutations do

A

change the sequence of DNA bases in a gene which produces a variant

14
Q

what happens when a mutation happens to a gene

A

if there are mutations the protein that the base codes for is changed

15
Q

what is insertion

A

new base is inserted into DNA base sequence this changes the way the 3 bases are read

16
Q

what are deletions

A

random base is deleted like insertions they change the way that the base sequence is read

17
Q

what are substitutions

A

when a random base in a DNA base sequence is changed to a different one