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Combat Medic > Injuries > Flashcards

Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of drowning

A

Respiratory impairment from fluid

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2
Q

Definition of near drowning

A

Acute asphyxiation of lungs but laryngospasm protects from water

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3
Q

Secondary drowning

A

Effects of drowning much after the incedent, eg pulmonary oedema

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4
Q

Define shock

A

Inadequate perfusion of body’s vitals with oxygenated blood

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5
Q

Types of shock (6)

A 
Cardiogenic (heart cannot pump, eg infarction) 
Anaphylactic
Obstructive (eg embolism) 
Septic 
Neurogenic 
Hypovolemic
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6
Q

Stages of hypovolemic shock

A

Compensated, decompensated, irreversible

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7
Q

Compensated shock

A

15% of blood lost

Hyperventilation and increased HR, but no change in BP

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8
Q

Decompensated shcon

A

30% blood lost
Tachycardia
Anaerobic respiration

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9
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock

A 
Confusion
Hypotension
Cold clammy skin 
Rapid breathing
Rapid weak pulse
Nausea
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10
Q

Signs and symptoms of blunt trauma

A

Distension
Bruising
Lacerations
Guarding, rigidity

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11
Q

Flail chest

A

2 or more adjacent ribs are fractured in two or more places.

Results in paradoxical movement

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12
Q

Simple pneumothorax

A

Air trapped in pleural space due to internal rupture of lung

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13
Q

Causes of simple pneumothorax

A

Direct injury, barotrauma

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14
Q

Open pneumothorax

A

Atmosphere connected to pleural space. Lung collapses.

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15
Q

Signs and symptoms of open pneumothorax (3)

A

Sucking sound
Accessory muscles
Shortness of Heath

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16
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

Continued air accumulation: organs shift

17
Q

Signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax (3)

A

Unequal expansion of chest
Tracheal deviation
Distended neck vein

18
Q

Pericardial tamponade

A

Blood within pericardium: heart can’t mechanically pump

19
Q

Mechanism of blast injuries

A

1 initial air blast
2 victim struck by propelled material
3 impact of body onto surrounding structures
4 burns

Combat Medic (8 decks)

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