Inman Pharmacology

Question 1

___ are compounds structurally related to products found in opium

Answer 1

opiates

Question 2

__ are agents, regardless of chemical structure that have pharmacological actions of a natural opiate

Answer 2

opioids

Question 3

morphine, codeine, and heroin are __

a. opiates
b. opioids

Answer 3

a. opiates

structurally related to products found in opium

Question 4

enkephalins and endorphins are __

a. opiates
b. opioids

Answer 4

b. opioids

regardless of chemical structure have pharmacological actions of natural opiate

Question 5

Which endogenous opioids bind delta receptors?

dynorphins, endorphins, enkephalins?

Answer 5

enkephalins

Question 6

Which endogenous opioids bind mu receptors?

dynorphins, endorphins, enkephalins?

Answer 6

endorphins

Question 7

Which endogenous opioids bind kappa receptors?

dynorphins, endorphins, enkephalins

Answer 7

dynorphins

Question 8

Opioid receptors are what type of receptors?

Answer 8

GCPRs

inhibit adenylyl cyclase, activate phospholipase C, inactivate calcium channels, activate K channels, activate MAP kinase

Question 9

Opioids __ potassium ion channels

a. activate
b. inactivate

Answer 9

a. activate

Question 10

opioids __ calcium ion channels

a. activate
b. inactivate

Answer 10

b. inactivate

Question 11

Which two opioid receptor types cause pinpoint pupils?

Answer 11

mu

kappa

Question 12

Which two opioid receptor types cause constipation?

Answer 12

mu

kappa

Question 13

Which two opioid receptor types cause respiratory depression?

Answer 13

mu

delta

Question 14

Which opioid receptor type causes dysphoria?

Answer 14

kappa

Question 15

Opioids increase pain threshold by inhibiting release of __ in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

Answer 15

substance P

Question 16

High doses of morphine like opiates in ___ can cause myoclonus and seizures

a. newborns
b. adults

Answer 16

b. adults

Question 17

Opioid convulsions in newborn:

Answer 17

epileptiform EEG

occasional seizure

Question 18

What is the primary cause of morbidity related to opioid therapy ?

Answer 18

respiratory depression

use with caution in pts with asthma, COPD< and other preexisting respiratory conditions

Question 19

With opioids mydriasis (dilation) of pupils will occur with onset of ___

Answer 19

asphyxia

directly stimulate chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area postrema

Question 20

All clinically useful opioid agonists produce some degree of nausea and vomiting.

a. true
b. false

Answer 20

a. true

Question 21

Do opioids cause loss of libido?

Answer 21

yes

decrease testosterone, cortisol and gonadotrophin in males, decrease LH and FSH in females

Question 22

Route of administration for morphine?

Answer 22

any route of administration

Question 23

Morphine absorption?

Answer 23

slow and erratic, significant first pass metabolism

Question 24

Morphine distribution?

Answer 24

rapidly enters all tissue, including fetuses

Question 25

Is methadone stronger or weaker than morphine?

Answer 25

equipotent in analgesia

Question 26

Does methadone or morphine have longer duration of action?

Answer 26

methadone less euphoria

Question 27

Which opioid is more likely to produce delirium?

Answer 27

meperidine

Question 28

Is meperidine used for short or long term management of acute pain?

Answer 28

short term

Question 29

Does tramadol raise or lower seizure threshold?

Answer 29

lower can cause seizures

Question 30

Does tramadol cause more or less respiratory suppression than morphine?

Answer 30

less

Question 31

What CYP metabolizes tramadol?

Answer 31

2D6

Question 32

3 kappa agonist/mu antagonists: BNP

Answer 32

B - butorphanol N - nalbuphine P - pentazocine

Question 33

Which mu antagonist is used to reverse coma and respiratory depression of opiate overdose?

Answer 33

naloxone

Question 34

What is half life of naloxone?

Answer 34

30-80mins

Question 35

What is duration of action for naltrexone?

Answer 35

24 hours

Question 36

What is naltrexone used for?

Answer 36

rapid detoxification