Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Alzheimers Flashcards
What is CNS immune privilege due to?
neuroprotective
presence of physical barriers
absence of traditional lymphatics
lack of APC
High metabolic demand
What does immune privilege mean to the CNS
Zone that’s immune response is preserved from rest of the body
Where does energy in the CNS mainly go?
Neurons (not immune cells)
What 2 ways is immune privilege losty?
Age -> blood vessels more permeable to allow cytokines to cross BBB
Neurodegenerative disease
What are 4 steps to LOAD?
Accumulating AD pathologies (amyloid beta)
Inflammatory glia
Glia function loss
Neurotic plaques and paracrine senescence increase
What 4 things make up the BBB?
Endothelial cell layer (TJ)
Basal lamina
Perivascular space
Astrocytic end-feet
What 2 other diseases is the BBB disrupted by immune cells?
MS
Stroke
What 2 immune cells disrupt BBB?
T cells
Monocytes
Where is lymphatic fluid located in the brain?
transported in perivascular spaces between astrocytes end feet and blood vessels
Where else do neuro-immune interactions take place other than the BBB?
CSF - T cells
Dural lymphatic vessels
meninges
What does the CSF drain?
immune cells and protein back to blood circulation
What is the new layer of the meninges called?
subarachnoid lymphatic like meninges
What does the skull bone marrow produce?
Immune cells
Why is effector and regulatory T cell balance important?
If you have a balance of regulatory T cells in blood compared to effector T cells -> have protective function
What happens if regulatory T cells increase?
Increase in regulatory T cells impact astrocyte and microglia function and will be protected
