Pulmonary oedema 2

Question 1

How is fluid formation reduced?

Answer 1

Reducing contraction of cell using Gd3+ and ML-7

Question 2

What channels are blocked to reduce fluid filtration?

Answer 2

Rur blocks TRPV4

Question 3

What does increased Pcap cause?

Answer 3

Opening stretch activated channels (TRPV4) in EC

Question 4

What does ca2+ entry cause?

Answer 4

Activates MLCK and NOS

Question 5

What does MLCK activation cause?

Answer 5

EC retraction -> opening of paracellular pathways -> fluid leaks into alveoli

Question 6

What does NOS activation cause?

Answer 6

sGC activation -> increased cGMP -> inhibits TRPV4 -> attenuated Ca2+ entry -> reduces fluid leak

Question 7

What does Ca2+ retraction cause?

Answer 7

H2O and albumin leak

Question 8

What does the reflection coefficient reflect?

Answer 8

ability of endothelium to keep proteins within vascular albumin

Question 9

What does shear stress reduce?

Answer 9

Endothelial permeability with changing CAP

Question 10

What is the response of shear stress mediated by?

Answer 10

VEGFR2 -> reduces oedema formation

Question 11

What happens in capillary distension to ENaC?

Answer 11

Inhibited

Question 12

What does altered mechanosensing of ECs do to the glycocalyx?

Answer 12

Not replenished