Innate Immune System

Question 1

Lysozyme

Answer 1

Protein, attacks PG, common in tears/saliva

Question 2

S100 - Psoriasin / Calprotectin

Answer 2

Protein in Skin and Mucosal, disrupts membranes = death

Question 3

Surfactant

Answer 3

Protein in lungs, coats mucosal surfaces = promotes phagocytosis

Question 4

Defensins

Answer 4

peptide in skin and mucosal layers, disrupts membranes = death

Question 5

Cathelicidin

Answer 5

peptide in mucosal layers, disrupts membranes = death

Question 6

TLR2

Answer 6

PM, adaptor MyD88, recognizes gram + bacteria

Question 7

TLR3

Answer 7

endosome, adaptor TRIF, recognizes dsRNA from viruses

Question 8

TLR4

Answer 8

PM and endosome, recognizes gram - bacteria and viruses

Question 9

TLR5

Answer 9

PM, recognizes flagella bacteria

Question 10

TLR7

Answer 10

endosome, adaptor molecule MyD88, ssRNA viruses

Question 11

TLR9

Answer 11

endosome, recognizes viral and bacterial DNA

Question 12

RLR

Answer 12

cytosol, recognizes viral RNA = anti-viral

Question 13

CLR

Answer 13

PM, recognizes carbohydrate on bac/fungi/viruses = pro-inflammatory

Question 14

NLR

Answer 14

cytosol –> associates with endosome, recognizes DAP = inflammasome = pyroptosis

Question 15

cGAS

Answer 15

recognizes DNA, activates STING to associate with the ER = antiviral

Question 16

MyD88 pathway

Answer 16

activated by TLR2 (PM) or TLR7 (endo), turns on AP-1, and NF-kB = cytokines/chemokines/antimicrobials

Question 17

TRIF pathway

Answer 17

activated by TLR3 (endo), turns on IRF3 and 7 = antiviral interferons, and AP-1

Question 18

Opsonins

Answer 18

AB or complement proteins that mark pathogens for phagocytosis

Question 19

2 opsonin receptors

Answer 19

1. Complement = CR1
2. IgFc = Fc (gamma) Rs

Question 20

2 non-opsonin receptors

Answer 20

1. CLR = mannose receptor = mannans on bac/fungi/virus
2. Scavenger = SR-A = LPS

Question 21

ROS

Answer 21

o2- and h2o2

Question 22

RNS

Answer 22

no and no2