Innate Immunity Flashcards
(33 cards)
What are PAMP’s
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Have conserved structures that are recognized by innate.
What is unique to the innate immunity?
Similar to all individuals in all species. Can not be enhanced by repeated exposure. Nonspecific mechanisms that are immediately mobilized.
What is unique to adaptive/acquire immunity?
Varies from individual to individual based on exposure history. More specific than innate.
What are some PAMP’s recognized by innate?
dsRNA, lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycan, teichoic acid.
When did innate immune evolutionary develop?
Before evolution of vertebrates.
Innate antimicrobial proteins?
Lysozymes, lactoferrin transferrin, lactoperoxidase, B-lysin, chemotactic factors, properdin, cationic peptides, PMN (leukocytes).
First line of defense?
Skin, mucous membranes, chemicals
Second line of defense?
Phagocytosis, complement, interferon, inflammation, fever.
Third line of defense?
lymphocytes, antibodies
What is an epitope?
The portion of the antigen that is recognized by the antibody or lymphocyte.
What cell from hematopogenesis is from both myeloid and lymphoid lineage?
Dendritic cells.
Macrophage function?
Scavenging tissue debris from apoptotic cells, tissue repair and maintenance, production of anti-inflammatory responses.
When do monocytes become macrophages?
When they leave the blood stream and enter the tissue.
When do dendritic cells mature?
After phagocytosis of foreign objects to present to T cells.
What do follicular or folicle dendritic cells interact with?
B cells.
What are lengerhans cells?
Dendritic cells found in keratinized epidermis where remain for months. Have long arms.
What dendritic cells allow you to survive viral infection?
Plasmacytoid DC circulating in blood.
What do M cell do in the small intestines?
The transport lumen sample in SI to lymphoid tissue to allow dendritic cells to sample.
Where are T cells located in lymph nodes?
the paracortex
Where are B cells located in lymph nodes?
the cortex.
Three main antimicrobial proteins
Cathelicidin, alpha-defensins, beta-defensins.
What do paneth cells do in the small intestines?
Produce to alpha-defensins in response to bacterial components. Found in intestinal crypts.
How do defensins kill microbes?
Are positive charge and are amphipathic. Attach to negative charge bacterial cell wall via acidic phospholipids and generate pores.
What is the function of collectins and ficolins?
Found on mucous surface or in blood. Globular head binds sugar residues to increase phagocytosis or activate complement.
