Innervation and movement of the Spine

Question 1

What are the nerve roots of the Lumbar Plexus?

Answer 1

L2, L3, L4

Question 2

What are the three main branches of the Lumbar Plexus?

Answer 2

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve

Question 3

What are the roots of the Sacral Plexus?

Answer 3

L4, L5, S1, S2

Question 4

What are the main branches of the Sacral Plexus?

Answer 4

Sciatic, Gluteal and Posterior Cutaneous Nerves

Question 5

Where are the main branches of the sacral plexus vulnerable?

Answer 5

Directly behind the hop joint - can be injured by # or misplaced IM injection

Question 6

What are the tributaries of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 6

The peroneal and the tibial nerves

Question 7

Where is the peroneal nerve vulnerable?

Answer 7

As it twists round the neck of the fibula. Motor damage at this point will cause foot drop and difficulty in foot dorsiflexion/eversion

Question 8

Where can the lat. cut.n of the thigh get damaged and what is the result?

Answer 8

Can get trapped under the inguinal ligament. Sensory loss to lateral aspect of the thigh - may also incur pain. No motor loss.

Question 9

What are the signs of Femoral N damage?

Answer 9

Weakness of knee extension and some impairment of hip extension. Hip adduction is not affected. Knee jerk may be altered/absent.

Question 10

Which muscles does the Sciatic N supply?

Answer 10

All the muscles below the knee and some of the hamstrings.

Question 11

What are the signs of Sciatic Nerve Damage?

Answer 11

Foot drop (plantar flexed foot) and weakness to knee flexion. With a profound sciatic nerve lesion the ankle jerk and plantar response will be reduced or absent but the knee jerk will be intact.

Question 12

What are the roots of the Superior Gluteal Nerve?

Answer 12

L4, L5, S1

Question 13

What action does excitation of the Superior Gluteal Nerve produce?

Answer 13

Hip Abduction

Question 14

Which muscles are responsible for hip abduction?

Answer 14

Glut. Med., Glut Min., Tensor Fascia Lata

Question 15

What are the roots of the Lat. Cut. N of the Thigh?

Answer 15

L2, L3

Question 16

What action does excitation of the Lat cut N of the Thigh produce?

Answer 16

Hip flexion

Question 17

What is the main muscle responsible for hip flexion?

Answer 17

Iliopsoas

Question 18

What are the roots of the Obturator Nerve?

Answer 18

L2, L3 and L4

Question 19

What action does innervation of the Obturator Nerve produce?

Answer 19

Hip Adduction

Question 20

Which muscles are responsible for Hip Abduction

Answer 20

Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, gracilis, Part of Adductor Magnus

Question 21

What are the roots of the Femoral nerve?

Answer 21

L2,L3, L4

Question 22

Which muscles are innervated by the Femoral Nerve?

Answer 22

Quads; Rectus Femoris, Vastus lat, Inter and Med.

Question 23

Which action does innervation of the Femoral N produce?

Answer 23

Knee Extension

Question 24

Which nerves are responsible for knee flexion?

Answer 24

biceps femoris, semitendinous, (part of) adductor magnus

Question 25

What actions are potentiated by the common peroneal nerve?

Answer 25

Dorsiflexion (L4/5), Inversion(L4) and Eversion (S1) of the foot

Question 26

What actions are potentiated by the Tibial Nerve?

Answer 26

plantar flexion (S1/2) and inversion (L4) of the foot

Question 27

Which muscles are innervated by the Tibial nerve?

Answer 27

gastrocnemius, tib.posterior., plantaris, soleus, popliteus, flex dig. long and flex hall. long

Question 28

From which spinal level does Hip Flexion Arise?

Answer 28

L2,3

Question 29

Which muscle is responsible for Hip Flexion

Answer 29

Iliopsoas

Question 30

From which spinal level does Hip Extension Arise?

Answer 30

L4,5

Question 31

Which muscles are responsible for Hip Extension?

Answer 31

Gluteals

Question 32

From which spinal level does hip abduction arise?

Answer 32

L4/5

Question 33

Which muscles are responsible for Hip Abduction?

Answer 33

Gluteal and Tensor, Fascia Lata

Question 34

From which spinal levels foes Hip Adduction arise?

Answer 34

L2,3,4

Question 35

From which spinal level does knee extension arise?

Answer 35

L2,3,4

Question 36

Which muscles are responsible for knee extension?

Answer 36

Quads

Question 37

From which spinal level does knee flexion arise?

Answer 37

L5, S1

Question 38

Which muscles are reponsible for knee flexion?

Answer 38

Hamstrings

Question 39

From which spinal level does dorsiflexion of the foot arise?

Answer 39

L4,5

Question 40

From which spinal levels does plantar flexion of the foot arise?

Answer 40

S1,2