INORGANIC

Question 1

Lithium + water observations

Answer 1

• fizzing
  -moves on surface
  -disappears/ gets smaller

Question 2

Bromine vs Bromide

Answer 2

Br2
Br-

Question 3

What DON’T you do in a neutralisation

Answer 3

1) no need to add indicator
2) don’t wash with water because soluble salt is made

Question 4

Predictions of RUBIDIUM:

Answer 4

-soft grey solid
-lower melting point than potassium
-higher density than potassium
-appears shiny when freshly cut
-react more explosively with water + air

Question 5

FLUORINE at room temperature + characteristics

Answer 5

YELLOW gas
Poisonous
Most reactive
Low melting and boiling point

Question 6

BROMINE at room temperature, characteristics, and in solution

Answer 6

Red-brown liquid,
Volatile + dense,
Orange in solution

Question 7

CHLORINE at room temperature, characteristics and in solution

Answer 7

PALE YELLOW-GREEN GAS
Poisonous
GREEN solution

Question 8

IODINE at room temperature, characteristics and in solution

Answer 8

Soft, grey solid
Shimmery, appears shiny when cut, dense, sublimes to form a purple vapour
Dark brown in solution

Question 9

PREDICTIONS: ASTATINE

Answer 9

black solid
-high melting and boiling point
-most dense

Question 10

SODIUM + water observations:

Answer 10

-fizzing more vigorously
-MELTS INTO A BALL
-moves around on surface rapidly
-disappears

Question 11

POTASSIUM + water observations

Answer 11

-burns with a LILAC flame
-fizzes vigorously
-moves around rapidly on surface
-disappears

Question 12

ALKALI METALS: reactivity trend

Answer 12

As you go down the group, reactivity increases

Question 13

HALOGENS: reactivity trend

Answer 13

As you go down the group, the reactivity DECREASES

Question 14

ALKALI METALS: melting + boiling points trend

Answer 14

As you go down the group, melting + boiling points DECREASE
(requires less energy as the electrostatic attraction between nuclei and valence shell is weakened)

Question 15

HALOGENS: melting + boiling points

Answer 15

As you go down the group, melting + boiling points INCREASE due to more IMF’S

Question 16

HALOGENS: COLOUR TREND

Answer 16

Becomes darker as you go down group

Question 17

ALKALI METALS: reactivity trend

Answer 17

INCREASES as you go down the group

Question 18

HALOGENS: reactivity trend

Answer 18

DECREASES as you go down the group

Question 19

HALOGENS + METALS?

Answer 19

Metal Halide

Question 20

Copper sulfate + magenisum displacement practical observations

Answer 20

-blue copper sulfate solutions turn into the COLOURLESS magenisum sulfate solution
-copper coats surface of magnesium and forms metal

Question 21

Metals order of reactivity

Answer 21

POTASSIUM
SODIUM
LITHIUM
CALCIUM
MAGNESIUM
ALUMINIUM
CARBON
ZINC
IRON
HYDROGEN
LEAD
COPPER
SILVER
GOLD

Question 22

Pros + cons of barrier methods

Answer 22

-relatively cheap
-once coating is broken, iron underneath all rusts

Question 23

GALVANISING

Answer 23

Iron is protected by being coated in a layer of zinc
Barrier + sacrificial

Question 24

SACRIFICIAL protection pros + cons

Answer 24

-used on large structures that would be difficult/ expensive to barrier
-has to be replaced

Question 25

FINDING reactivity with water + dilute hydrochloric acid

Answer 25

1) if reacts with cold water —> ABOVE MAGNESIUM 2) if reacts with warm acid —-> between magneisum and hydrogen 3) if doens’t react——> below hydrogen

Question 26

ALKALI METALS: trend in reactivity

Answer 26

AS you go down the group…. The number of shells increase… The the outermost shell becomes further away from the nucleus, Less energy is required to overcome the electrostatic forces of attraction between the nucleus and the outer electrons, The outer electrons are more readily lost and therefore Alkali metals become increasingly reactive as you go down the group

Question 27

HALOGENS: trend in reactivity

Answer 27

As you go down the group, the halogens decrease in reactivity.. as the outermost shell becomes further away form the nucleus And the electrostatic forces of attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electrons are weakened, Making it more difficult to attract electrons as you go down the group