INS Flashcards
UNIT 3&4 (23 cards)
What are political borders?
Political borders are defined by governmental agreements and are recognized internationally.
They help determine governance and legal authority, often drawn without regard to natural features.
Provide an example of a political border.
The U.S.–Canada border is one of the longest undefended political borders in the world.
This border illustrates the concept of political boundaries.
What are cultural borders?
Cultural borders reflect divisions based on language, religion, or ethnic differences.
These boundaries can lead to social tension or conflict.
Provide an example of a cultural border.
The India–Pakistan border was drawn during Partition, largely based on religious identity (Hindus and Muslims).
This illustrates how cultural factors influence border creation.
What are natural borders?
Natural borders are formed by physical features like mountains, rivers, or deserts.
They often serve as clear separations between regions or countries.
Provide an example of a natural border.
The Rio Grande River marks the border between the U.S. and Mexico.
This river serves as a geographical boundary.
What are geometric borders?
Geometric borders are straight lines drawn without considering local geography or cultures.
Many were created during colonial times, leading to future disputes.
Provide an example of a geometric border.
The Egypt–Sudan border is a straight-line division created during colonial rule.
This reflects the arbitrary nature of geometric borders.
What are economic borders?
Economic borders arise from significant differences in economic systems, wealth, or trade policies between neighboring countries.
They can affect migration and trade.
Provide an example of an economic border.
The border between North Korea and South Korea reflects stark contrasts in economic development and ideology.
This highlights the impact of economic disparities on borders.
What are social borders?
Social borders exist due to differences in lifestyles, education, or social systems between groups or areas.
They can influence migration or inequality.
Provide an example of a social border.
The U.S.–Mexico border reflects social differences in healthcare, education access, and quality of life.
This illustrates how social issues can create divisions.
What was the main cause of the Andhra-Telangana border dispute?
Differences in language dialects, culture, religion, and economic development contributed to identity-based regionalism.
This reflects deeper societal issues beyond mere geographical boundaries.
What economic disparities fueled the Telangana movement?
The Telangana region was rich in natural resources but neglected in infrastructure, irrigation, education, and employment opportunities.
This led to resentment among locals.
What was the gentlemen’s agreement of 1956?
It was an agreement made to ensure Telangana’s interests would be safeguarded when it merged with Andhra.
Many assurances were not implemented, leading to feelings of betrayal.
What significance did the bifurcation of Telangana have?
Telangana became the 29th state of India on June 2, 2014, symbolizing a long-awaited assertion of regional identity, justice, and self-governance.
It also set a precedent for addressing regional grievances within a federal system.
What initiated the division of North and South Korea?
The Korean Peninsula was divided after World War II along the 38th parallel, meant to be temporary.
This division later solidified into two separate governments.
What is the core of the North and South Korea dispute?
The core dispute is political and ideological, with North Korea seeking reunification under its authoritarian regime and South Korea supporting a democratic system.
This ideological conflict continues to fuel tensions.
What historical event led to the India-Pakistan border dispute?
The 1947 partition of British India created two separate nations: India and Pakistan.
This division caused mass migration and communal violence.
What triggered the Jammu and Kashmir conflict?
The Maharaja of Kashmir chose to join India under pressure during a Pakistani tribal invasion, leading to the first Indo-Pak war.
The region remains a point of contention between both countries.
What are the key disputed areas in the India-China border dispute?
Aksai Chin (Western Sector) and Arunachal Pradesh (Eastern Sector).
Both areas are claimed by one country but controlled by the other.
What recent event escalated tensions between India and China?
Violent clashes at Galwan Valley in 2020 resulted in the first combat deaths in 45 years.
This incident highlighted ongoing military tensions along the border.
How has globalization affected borders?
Globalization has made borders more porous due to trade, migration, and cultural exchange, but it also creates challenges like illegal migration and national sovereignty issues.
This dual impact complicates the role of borders in modern society.
