Ins 202 ( Human Computer Interface )

Question 1

What is human computer interaction

Answer 1

Deals with the design execution and assessment of computer systems and related phenomenon thats are for human use .

Question 2

List areas where hci can be implemented with distinct importance

Answer 2

1) computer science- application design and engineering

2) psychology- application of theories and analytical purpose

3) sociology- interaction between technology and organization

4) industrial design - for interactive products like mobile phone, microwave oven etc

Question 3

Whit is the full meaning of Acm- sig chi

Answer 3

Association for computer machinery — Special interest group on computer human interaction

Question 4

List shneidermans eight golden rule

Answer 4

By Ben shneiderman is used to differentiate a good interface design from a bad one . It is useful in the experimental assessment gor better GUI’s graphical user interface
1) strive for consistency
2) cater to universal usability
3) offer informative feedback
4) design dialogs to yield closure
5) prevent errors
6) allow easy reversal of actions
7) support internal locus of control
8) reduce short term memory load

Question 5

List Norman’s seven principles

Answer 5

By Donald Norman can be used to transform difficult tasks
1) use knowledge in the head and knowledge in the world
2) simplify task structure
3) make things visible
4) get the mapping right ( user mental model= conceptual model = design model )
5) convert constraints into advantages
6) design for errors
7) If all else fails standardize

Question 6

What is heuristic evaluation

Answer 6

This is a methodical procedure to check user interface for usability problems

Question 7

List Nielsen’s ten heuristic principles

Answer 7

1) visibility off system status
2) match between system and real world
3) user control and flexibility
4) consistency and standards
5) retrieved prevention
6) recognition rather than recall
7) flexibility and efficiency of use
8) aesthetic and minimalist design
9) help, diagnosis and recovery from error
1) documentation and help

Question 8

What are the theee categories of Hci design guidelines

Answer 8

1) general interaction
2) information display
3) data entry

Question 9

List the guidelines for general interaction

Question 10

List the guidelines for information display

Question 11

List the guidelines for data entry

Question 12

What is usability engineering

Answer 12

This is a decipline within human computer interaction, which includes users contributions from the start of the process and ensures the effectiveness of the product by the use of usability requirements and metrics

Question 13

Goals of usability engineering

Answer 13

1) efficient to use
2) effective to use
3) error free in use
4) easy to use
5) enjoyable in use

Question 14

Usability definition and three components

Answer 14

Components
1) efficiency- the competence used in using the resources to effectively achieve the goal

2) effectiveness- the completeness with which user achieve their goal

3) satisfaction - the ease of work systems to its users

It is the efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction with which user accomplish their goals in a particular environment

Question 15

What is usability study

Answer 15

This is the methodical study in the interaction between people product and environment based of experimental assessment

Question 16

What is usability testing

Answer 16

It is the scientific evaluation of the stated usability parameters based on the user’s requirements, competence, prospect safety and satisfaction

Question 17

What is acceptance testing

Answer 17

Also known as user acceptance testing is a procedure that is carried out by the user as a final check point before signing off from a vendor

Question 18

What is a software tool

Answer 18

This is a programmatic software used to create maintain or otherwise support other programs and application

Question 19

List software tools

Answer 19

1) specification method - the method used to specify GUI

2) grammar - written instructions or expressions that the program will understand

3) state chart - chart method developed for simultaneous user activity and external actions

4) evaluation tools - tools to evaluate the correctness and completeness of programs

5) software engineering tools - extensive programming tools to provide user interface management system

6) interface mock up tools - are used to creates quick sketches of graphical user interface

7) interface building tools - design methods that help in designing command languages, data entry structure and widget

Question 20

Software engineering

Answer 20

It is the study of designing development and preservation of software

Question 21

What is prototyping and list and explain the types

Answer 21

it is a trial and partial design that helps users in testing design ideas without executing a complete system

Types
1) low fidelity prototype - are simple and inexpensive as it uses manual procedures like sketches etc

2) medium fidelity prototype - involves some but not all of the procedures of the system

3) high fidelity prototype - simulates all functionalities of the system in a design

Question 22

What is user centered design and list the drawbacks

Answer 22

This is the process of collecting feedback from the users to improve the design

Drawbacks
1) passive user involvement
2) user perception of the new system may be in appropriate
3) designer may ask incorrect questions to users

Question 23

What is GUI

Answer 23

Graphic user interface is the interface from which users can operate programs applications and devices in a computer system. It contains icons menus widget labels for users to access

Question 24

List and explain 5 hci interactive devices

Answer 24

1) touch screen- it is a new interactive device. A touchscreen is a display screen that acts as an input and output device, allowing users to interact with digital content by touching the screen with a finger or stylus

2) gesture recognition- it is a future hci interactive device. It is a subject in language technology that has the objective of understanding human movements through mathematical procedures

3) speech recognition- it is the process of transcribing spoken phrases into written text .

4) keyboards - these are primitive interactive devices. It uses an organization of keys to serve as an input device to the computer

5) response time - this is the time taken by a device to respond to a requests. It is the sum of service time and wait time

Question 25

What are hci designs

Answer 25

This is a problem solving process that has components like planned usage, target area, resources, cost and viability

Question 26

List the 4 basic activities of interaction designs

Answer 26

1) identifying requirements 2) building alternative design 3) developing interactive version of the designs 4) evaluate designs

Question 27

What are the 3 principles of user centered approach

Answer 27

1)early focus on user and task 2) empirical measurements 3) interactive design

Question 28

List the hci design methodologies

Answer 28

1) activity theory- this is the hci method that describes the framework where the human compute interaction takes place. It provides reasoning, analytical tools and interaction designs. 2) user centered designs- this provides users the center stage in designing where they get the opportunity to work with designers and technical practitioners 3) principles of user interface designs- tolerance visibility simplicity affordance consistency structure and feedback 4) value sensitive design - this method is used for developing technology and includes three types of studies ( conceptual, empirical and technical) * conceptual investigation works toward understanding the value of the investor who uses technology * empirical investigation are the qualitative and quantitative design research studies that shows the designer’s understanding o the user’s value * technical investigation involves the use of technology and designs in the conceptual and empirical investigations

Question 29

What is participatory design

Answer 29

Participatory design process involves all stakeholders in the design process so that the end results meet the needs they desire

Question 30

What is task analysis

Answer 30

It is the procedure of leading the useless and abstract framework, the pattern used in workflow and the chronological implementation of interaction with the gui

Question 31

What is a a task

Answer 31

Human action that contributes to a useful objective, aiming at the system

Question 32

What is hierarchical task analysis

Answer 32

This is the process of disintegrating task into sub tasks that can be analyzed using the logical sequence of execution

Question 33

Techniques for task analysis

Answer 33

1) task decomposition- splitting of tasks into sub tasks in a sequence 2) knowledge based technique- involves any instruction user needs to know. User is always the beginning point for every task 3) ethnography- observation of the users behavior in the use context 4) protocol analysis- observation and documentation of the action of the user

Question 34

List the characteristics engineering task analysis

Question 35

What is cct and list its features

Answer 35

Concur task tree is an engineering methodology used for modeling tasks and consists of tasks and operators Features 1) focus on actions users wish to accomplish 2) hierarchical structures 3 graphical syntax. 4) rich set of sequential operators

Question 36

What is waterfall model

Answer 36

It is the unidirectional movement of software engineering phases,? Where each phase depends on the preceding phase and not vice-versa