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Flashcards in Instrumental variables Deck (5)
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1
Q
A
2
Q

What are the two key assumptions required for instruments to be applicable?

A

1) Intrument relevance (correlation with the x variable)
2) Instrument exogeneity (not related to Y at all)

3
Q

Why do we use IV regression?

A

We are worried about 1) reverse causality

2) endogeneity, where an unobserved variable Z impacts both X and Y (for example, cognitive ability being proxied by test scores and also affecting income later in life)

4
Q

What is the reduced-form regression?

A

Run a regression of Yi on Zi (the instrumental variable)

5
Q

What is the first stage regression?

A

Run a regression of Xi on Zi (the IV)