Insulin Flashcards
(15 cards)
How has insulin lispro been altered?
Switch the proline and the lysine at B28 and B29 to ensure the monomeric form.
What are some of the features of insulin lispro compared to ordinary insulin?
Has a more rapid onset, rapid absorption and a shorter duration of action
What is the length of action of rapid acting insulin?
It acts within 5-15 minutes, peaks at about 60 minutes and has a suration of 4-6 hours
How would you use a rpaid acting insulin?
Inject just before eating, and it covers inbetween meals and then a long acting insulin can be used for cover overnight
Name some of the short acting insulins?
Actrapid, humulins, hupruin and porcine and bovine insulin
What are the duration of actions of short acting insulins?
Starts to work within 30-60 minutes, and peaks at 2-3 hours with a duration of 8-10 hours
How would you use short acting insulin?
You need to inject it 15-30 minutes before eating and needs to be injected several times daily to cover meals
Name some of the long and very long acting insulins
Glargine, dertemir, and degludec
What are some of the paticular features of glargine insulin
Has a slow onset and a flat prolonged hypoglycemic effect with no peak
What is the duration of action of long and very long acting insulins?
They have a slow onset of 2-6 hourfs and a duration of up to 24 horus
What are some of the particular features of degludec insulin?
Has a duration of up to 50 hours
What are long and very long acting insulin used for?
Long acting control and less association with hypoglycemia
What is novomic 30?
70% long acting and 30% rapid acting insulin
What are some of the adverse effects of insulin use?
Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia ( if not getting the right amount, for example a pump becomes dislodged) and lipodystrophy or lipostrophy in some of the older animal insulins
Why can insulin cause lipodystrophy?
If repeatadly injecting in the same place, as insulin is an anabolic compound you can get a build up of fat
