Integration movement Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is regional integration?
It is the voluntary cooperation of neighboring states to coordinate policies and form a unified economic, political, or social space.
Why is integration important in the Caribbean?
Because of small populations, vulnerability to global shocks, shared culture, limited bargaining power, and the need for economies of scale.
What was the West Indian Federation and why did it fail?
Formed in 1958 as a political union; it failed in 1962 due to poor communication, power struggles, and nationalist tensions.
What was CARIFTA and what did it achieve?
Formed in 1965, it focused on trade liberalization and paved the way for CARICOM.
When was CARICOM formed and by which treaty?
CARICOM was formed in 1973 by the Treaty of Chaguaramas.
What is the purpose of CARICOM?
To promote economic integration, functional cooperation, foreign policy coordination, and regional security.
What are the four main pillars of CARICOM?
- Economic Integration
- Functional Cooperation
- Foreign Policy Coordination
- Security Cooperation
What is CSME and what are its goals?
The Caribbean Single Market and Economy aims to create a unified economic space through the free movement of goods, services, capital, and labour.
List three achievements of CSME.
- CARICOM Passport
- Skilled labour mobility
- Regional businesses and investment flows
What are some challenges of implementing CSME?
Lack of shared currency, unequal development, limited enforcement, and resistance to labour migration.
What is the OECS and what makes it unique?
The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States is a subgroup with strong integration, including a shared currency and court.
What is the ACS and how is it different from CARICOM?
The Association of Caribbean States focuses on cooperation across the wider Caribbean; it is not an integration body.
Name three functional institutions that support Caribbean integration.
UWI, CXC, Caribbean Development Bank
What is the role of the Caribbean Court of Justice?
To replace the Privy Council as the final appellate court and promote regional legal independence.
What is functionalism in integration theory?
The idea that cooperation in practical areas like trade leads to broader integration.
What is neo-functionalism?
The theory that integration in one sector leads to spillover into others (e.g., from economy to politics).
What does dependency theory say about integration?
It argues that the Caribbean remains economically dependent on the global North, and integration is a way to reduce that dependency.
What is critical regionalism?
A people-centered approach to integration that emphasizes local culture and civil society involvement.
List three key challenges facing Caribbean integration today.
- Economic disparities
- National sovereignty vs unity
- Implementation and infrastructure gaps
What are some ways to strengthen Caribbean integration?
Deepen CSME, adopt a common currency, improve transport and digital links, and increase youth engagement.
What was the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas?
Signed in 2001, it established the legal foundation for CSME.
What is the CARICOM Regional Negotiating Machinery?
It coordinates trade negotiations on behalf of member states to increase global bargaining power.
How does the CARICOM passport benefit citizens?
It allows free movement for qualified nationals within the region.
What role does the CDB play in regional development?
It funds infrastructure and development projects and offers technical assistance.
