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Histology > Integument > Flashcards

Integument Flashcards

1
Q

Downward growth of epidermis along crest describes what epidermal ridge?

A

Interpapillary peg

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2
Q

Formed during 3rd to 4th months of fetal life, related to fingerprints, and subdivided into two secondary dermal ridges describes what epidermal ridge?

A

Primary dermal ridge

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3
Q

Occur in double rows, branched and thin collagenous, reticular, and elastic fibers describes what dermal ridge?

A

Secondary dermal ridge

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4
Q

Upward projections from each secondary dermal ridge describes what epidermal ridge?

A

Dermal papillae

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5
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium is derived from what embryonic layer?

A

Ectoderm

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6
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial

A
  1. Stratum basale/germinativum,
  2. stratum spinosum,
  3. stratum granulosum,
  4. stratum lucidum,
  5. stratum corneum
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7
Q

Columnar to high cuboidal keratinocytes are found in what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum basale/germinativum

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8
Q

Prickle cells, developing keratohyalin, tonofibrils, and membrane-coating granules first appearing in this epidermis layer

A

Stratum spinosum

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9
Q

What forms intercellular bridges?

A

Tonofibrils

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10
Q

Flattened nucleated keratinocytes, keratohyalin aggregates, lamellar bodies, and tonofilaments are found in what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum granulosum

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11
Q

Contains eleiden, only found in thick skin, and flat keratinocytes lacking nuclei and organelles are found in what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum lucidum

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12
Q

Enucleated, flattend, dead keratinocytes; cytoplasm replaced by keratin, and multilayered describe what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum corneum

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13
Q

The dermis is derived from what embryonic layer?

A

Mesoderm

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14
Q

What kind of CT is found in the dermis?

A

Dense fibrous irregular CT layer beneath epidermis

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15
Q

What kind of CT is in the hypodermis?

A

Loose CT that underlies dermis

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16
Q

T/F: the dermis may contain fat cells that can form a thick layer called the panniculus adiposus?

A

False; the hypodermis

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17
Q

What are the dermis two layers?

A

Papillary layer (closest to epidermis) and reticular layer

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18
Q

Langerhans cells aka

A

Dendritic cells

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19
Q

Langerhans cells are derived from

A

Monocytes

20
Q

Langerhan cells are primarily found in what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum spinosum

21
Q

T/F: langerhan cells are antigen-presenting cells

A

True

22
Q

Birbeck granules are characteristic of what type of cells

A

Langerhan cells

23
Q

T/F: langerhan cells migrate from epidermis to lymph nodes

A

True

24
Q

Merkel cells are what type of sensory receptors?

A

Mechanoreceptors

25
Q

Merkel cells are usually found in what epidermis layer?

A

Stratum germinativum

26
Q

Merkel cells contain what type of granules?

A

Catecholamine-like granules

27
Q

Merkel cells can diffuse what type of cells?

A

Neuroendocrine cells

28
Q

Melanocytes are derived from what kind of cell?

A

Melanoblasts

29
Q

Melanocytes inject what into keratinocytes?

A

Inject melanin granules

30
Q

For the pathway for melanin formation, it requires what enzyme?

A

Tyrosinase

31
Q

Epidermis starts as a single layer of ectodermal cells that DIVIDE DURING THE SIXTH WEEK TO FORM:

A

Periderm and inner cuboidal germinal layer

32
Q

Sebaceous glands release sebum into what structure?

A

The hair follicle

33
Q

Sebaceous glands are what type of glands?

A

Holocrine

34
Q

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands are what type of glands?

A

Merocrine and apocrine glands

35
Q

Merocrine gland has what type of endings? (Based on neurotransmitter)

A

Cholinergic endings

36
Q

Coiled, simple stubular secretory portions describe what type of gland?

A

Merocrine

37
Q

This gland is found in labia majora, areola, and axillary and anal regions

A

Apocrine glands

38
Q

What kind of innervation does apocrine glands have? (Based on neurotransmitter)

A

Adrenergic innervation

39
Q

What are the 2 special types of apocrine glands?

A

Ceruminous glands and glands of Moll

40
Q

Does merocrine or apocrine gland have thick, viscous secretion?

A

Apocrine glands

41
Q

What are the components of the hair follicle (3)

A

Root sheaths, hair shaft, and hair bulb

42
Q

What component of the hair follicle has: vascularized dermal papilla, matrix high in mitotic activity, and is the expanded lower part of hair follicle?

A

Hair bulb

43
Q

Down growth of epidermis is found in internal or external root sheath?

A

External

44
Q

Generated by bulb matrix and has layers is the internal of external root sheath?

A

Internal

45
Q

What are the hair shaft layers (3)?

A

Medulla (innermost), cortex, and cuticle

46
Q

What are the 2 signaling pathways in keratinocyte stem cells?

A

Wnt and Notch signaling pathway

Histology (11 decks)

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