Integumentary Flashcards
(55 cards)
What are the risk factors for melanoma from greatest to least?
History of previous melanoma Mole changing Male gender Regular dermatologist absent Age over 50
What lesions are blanchable?
- Erythema
- Spider Angioma (liver disease)
- Spider Vein (varicosities)
- Cherry Angioma (benign)
If someone comes in with hives, raised itchy wheals, what do they have?
urticaria
A patient presents with itching on the skin, what is another term for itching?
pruritus
A patient has a red hue due to increased blood flow, what is the medical term for this?
erythema
A patient presents with small (1-2 mm) red or purple spots on body, likely caused by broken capillaries, what is the medical term for this?
petchiae
A patient presents with a 0.3 to 1 cm red/purple discoloration on the skin that doesn’t blanch when applying pressure. What do they have?
purpura
A patient presents with a huge bruise on their hand greater than 3 mm with extravasation of erythrocytes, what do they have?
ecchymosis
A patient presents with a mark on their body where connective tissue arose from an old injury or disease, what is this?
a scar
A patient shows you that they are losing their hair in a round/oval patch, what is this called?
alopecia
A patient presents with a fibrotic scar tissue, where it is hypertrophic and the scarring extends beyond the borders of the initial injury. what is the medical term for this?
a keloid
A patient comes in with a leathery induration and thickening of their skin on their foot, what is this called?
lichenification
What is the difference between a primary lesion and a secondary lesion?
A primary lesion are actual changes in the skin due to a disease process, while secondary lesions are due to external forces that cause changes in primary lesions.
What are examples of primary lesions
macule, patch, papule, plaque, nodule, vesicle, bulla, pustule, wheal, tumor
What are examples of a secondary lesion?
scale, excoriation, fissure, crust, erosion, ulcer cicatrix, atrophy
What is a small, flat non-palpable lesion (<1cm in diameter)?
a macule
A patient presents with a flat, nonpalpable lesion (>1cm in diameter), what is this called?
a patch (aka. a large macule)
A patient presents with a small, superficial, circumscribed, palpable lesion elevated about the skin surface (<1 cm in diameter). What is this called?
a papule
What is palpable lesion elevated that is elevated above the skin surface and greater than 1 cm in diameter?
a plaque
What is a firm (indurated) lesion that is thicker/deeper than an average papule or plaque?
a nodule
What is an elevated lesion (blister) that contains clear fluid and is less than one cm in diemter?
A vesicle
What is an elevated lesion that contains clear fluid and is greater than one centimeter in diameter?
a bulla
What is a superficial elevated lesion containing pus (yellow fluid), protein rich and contains neutrophils?
pustule
What is a circumscribed, evanescent papule or irregular plaque of edema that is slightly reddened, changes in size and shape, and extends into adjacent areas?
a wheal
