Integumentary

Question 1

Components of integumentary

Answer 1

Skin, hypodermis, accessory organs

Question 2

Function of skin

Answer 2

Protection, thermoregulation, sensation, secretion, production of vitamin D

Question 3

How does surface area effect thermoregulation

Answer 3

Higher surface area gets colder faster

Question 4

Layers of the epidermis

Answer 4

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 5

What layer of the epidermis has melanocytes

Answer 5

Basale layer

Question 6

What layer of the epidermis is not found in thin skin

Answer 6

Stratum lucidum

Question 7

What is unique about stratum granulosum

Answer 7

Organelles are lost and interior fills with glycolipids for waterproofing

Question 8

What is the thickest layer of the epidermis

Answer 8

Stratum corneum

Question 9

Layers of the dermis

Answer 9

Papillary and reticular

Question 10

T/F the dermis is the thickest and strongest layer

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What does the papillary dermis contain

Answer 11

Vessel loops, meisner corpuscles, collagen

Question 12

What is the purpose of the papillary layer of the dermis

Answer 12

Attaches the epidermis

Question 13

What is in the reticular layer of the dermis

Answer 13

Fibroblasts, collagen, sweat glands, smooth muscle

Question 14

How do goosebumps form

Answer 14

Smooth muscle in the reticular surface of the dermis

Question 15

Where are sweat and sebacious glands, and hair follicles

Answer 15

The reticular layer of the dermis

Question 16

What is in the hypodermis

Answer 16

Fat, vessels, nerves, pacinian corpuscles, connective tissue

Question 17

What are two types of specialized cells

Answer 17

Red blood cells
Nerve cells

Question 18

T/F the nasal planum and paw pads have stratum lucidum layer

Answer 18

True. They are thick skin

Question 19

What is the ergot on the horse

Answer 19

Near the fetlock, remnants of digits 2&4

Question 20

What is the most weight baring paw pad

Answer 20

Metacarpal/metatarsal

Question 21

What is the chestnut in the horse

Answer 21

Remnants of tarsal and carpal

Question 22

What are the two types of sweat glands

Answer 22

Apocrine and eccrine

Question 23

What are the accessory organs in the integument

Answer 23

Sweat glands, mammary glands. Sebaceous glands

Question 24

What is an apocrine gland

Answer 24

Secretes directly into the follicle

Question 25

What is an eccrine gland

Answer 25

Secretes directly onto the surface of the skin

Question 26

What are the three types of hair

Answer 26

Guard, wool, and vibrissae

Question 27

What is a guard hair

Answer 27

Primary hair, the one you feel when petting an animal. One hair per follicle

Question 28

What is a wool hair

Answer 28

Secondary hair, multiple hairs per follicle

Question 29

Two types of hair growth

Answer 29

Compound and simple

Question 30

What is compound hair growth, and which animals have it

Answer 30

Guard and wool hairs. Dogs and cats

Question 31

What is simple hair growth and which animals have it

Answer 31

Guard hair only. Cows and horses

Question 32

What are the cycles of hair growth

Answer 32

Anagen, catagen, telogen

Question 33

What are the anatomical components to the claw

Answer 33

Ungual process, corium, unguis, sole

Question 34

Where does the coronary bed come from in claws

Answer 34

Unguis

Question 35

What are the anatomical components of the hoof

Answer 35

Wall, frog, sole

Question 36

What is the purpose of corium in claws and hooves

Answer 36

Provides strength and durability

Question 37

What are the three portions of the hoof wall

Answer 37

Toe, quarter, heel

Question 38

How does blood flow out of the hoof

Answer 38

When a horse steps and compresses the walls and cartilage it pumps blood out and back into veins

Question 39

Why is it important to wrap horses legs

Answer 39

To prevent edema when standing for too long

Question 40

What are the two types of lamina and where do they attach

Answer 40

Insensitive (hoof wall) and sensitive (coffin)

Question 41

How do horses support their weight on one digit

Answer 41

Insensitive and sensitive lamina interdigitate which increases surface area.

Question 42

What are the three anatomical components of horns

Answer 42

Cornual process, corium, keratinized epithelial

Question 43

Where do horns grow from

Answer 43

Frontal bone & sinuses in adults

Question 44

How are horns different from antlers

Answer 44

Horns are keratinized epithelial that grow continuously. Antlers are bone that grow through endochondral ossification that eventually fall off