Integumentary System

Question 1

Consists of the skin and accessory
structures, such as hair, glands, and nails.

Answer 1

Integumentary system

Question 2

Functions of integumentary system

Answer 2

1. Protection
2. Sensation
3. Temperature regulation
4. Vitamin D production
5. Excretion

Question 3

It is the superficial layer of the skin, consisting of stratified
squamous epithelial tissue

Answer 3

Epidermis

Question 4

The epidermis rests on the …..

Answer 4

Dermis

Question 5

A layer of loose connective tissue

Answer 5

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 6

What type of epithelium is the epidermis

Answer 6

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 7

Most
cells of the epidermis are called

Answer 7

Keratinocytes

Question 8

Keratinocytes produce protein mixture called

Answer 8

Keratin

Question 9

Divides the epidermis into layers

Answer 9

Strata

Question 10

The five strata (bottom to top)

Answer 10

1. stratum basale
2. stratum spinosum
3. stratum granulosum
4. stratum lucidum
5. stratum corneum

Question 11

The deepest portion of the epidermis is a single layer of cuboidal or
columnar cells

Answer 11

stratum basale

Question 12

Superficial to the stratum basale. Has a flattened appearance and accumulates lipid-filled vesicles called lamellar bodies

Answer 12

stratum spinosum

Question 12

Other term for stratum basale

Answer 12

stratum germinativum

Question 12

consists of two to five
layers of somewhat flattened, diamond-shaped cells

Answer 12

stratum granulosum

Question 12

Stratum granulosum derives its name from the presence of protein granules of …

Answer 12

keratuhyalin

Question 13

a thin, clear zone above the
stratum granulosum

Answer 13

stratum lucidum

Question 14

has all five strata and is found in areas subjected to pressure or friction

Answer 14

thick skin

Question 15

lacks the stratum lucidum

Answer 15

thin skin

Question 16

The last, and most superficial, stratum of the epidermis. Consists of dead squamous cell filled with keratin

Answer 16

stratum corneum

Question 17

skin subjected to friction or pressure

Answer 17

callus

Question 18

skin over bony prominences develop a cone-shaped structure

Answer 18

corn

Question 19

responsible for the strength of the dermis

Answer 19

keratin and elastic fibers

Question 20

this is produced due to fibers being orientated in some direction that in others

Answer 20

cleavage lines or tension lines

Question 21

If the skin is overstretched, it leaves lines that are visible through the epidermis

Answer 21

stretch mark

Question 22

the upper part of the dermis has a projection called

Answer 22

dermal papillae

Question 23

curving ridges that shape the overlying epidermis into patterns

Answer 23

friction ridges

Question 24

delivers material to the blood slowly

Answer 24

intradermal injection

Question 25

example of intradermal injection

Answer 25

tuberculin skin test

Question 26

achieved by pinching the skin and inserting a short needle

Answer 26

subcutaneous inejction

Question 27

example of subcutaneous injection

Answer 27

insulin injection

Question 28

delivers material to the blood faster and is accomplished y inserting a long needle at a 90-degree angle

Answer 28

intramuscular injection

Question 29

example of intramuscular injection

Answer 29

vaccines and certain antibiotics

Question 30

group of pigments responsible for skin, hair, and eye color

Answer 30

melanin

Question 31

melanin is produced by

Answer 31

melanocytes

Question 32

affects cells in the stratum basale.

Answer 32

basale cell carcinoma

Question 32

melanin is packaged into vesicle called

Answer 32

melanosomes

Question 32

affects cells in the stratum spinosum and can appear as a wartlike growth

Answer 32

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 32

rare form of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, usually in a preexisting mole

Answer 32

malignant melanoma

Question 33

a recessive genetic trait that causes a deficiency or an absence of melanin

Answer 33

albinism

Question 34

decrease in the blood O2 content produces a bluish color of the skin

Answer 34

cyanosis

Question 35

a yellow pigment found in plants such as squash and carrots and are lipid-soluble

Answer 35

carotene

Question 36

attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle and supplies it with blood vessels and nerves

Answer 36

subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis

Question 37

other term for subcutaneous tissue

Answer 37

hypodermis

Question 38

found everywhere on the skin except the palms, the soles, the lips, the nipples, parts of the external genitalia, and the distal segments of the fingers and toes.

Answer 38

Hair

Question 39

invagination of the epidermis that extends deep into the epidermis

Answer 39

hair follicle

Question 40

protrudes above the surface of the skin

Answer 40

shaft

Question 41

located below the surface

Answer 41

root

Question 42

the base of the root is expanded to form the ...

Answer 42

hair bulb

Question 43

surrounds the medulla and forms the bulk of the hair

Answer 43

cortex

Question 44

The cortex is covered by

Answer 44

cuticle

Question 45

the cortex surrounds a softer center

Answer 45

medulla

Question 46

an extension of the dermis that protrudes into the hair bulb

Answer 46

hair papilla

Question 47

Associated with each hair follicle are smooth muscle cells called

Answer 47

arrector pili

Question 48

located in the dermis, are simple or compound alveolar glands that produce sebum

Answer 48

sebaceous glands

Question 49

an oily, white substance rich in lipids

Answer 49

sebum

Question 50

They are simple, coiled, tubular glands and release sweat by merocrine secretion

Answer 50

eccrine sweat glands

Question 51

simple, coiled, tubular glands that produce a thick secretion rich in organic substance

Answer 51

apocrine sweat glands

Question 52

a thin plate consisting of layers of dead stratum corneum cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

Answer 52

nail

Question 53

covered by skin

Answer 53

nail root

Question 54

the visible portion of the nail.

Answer 54

nail body

Question 55

stratum corneum that extends onto the nail body

Answer 55

cuticle or eponychium

Question 56

other term for cuticle

Answer 56

eponychium

Question 57

The nail root extends distally from the

Answer 57

nail matrix

Question 58

distal to the nail matrix

Answer 58

nail bed

Question 59

seen through the nail body as a whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail

Answer 59

lunula

Question 60

it is an injury to a tissue caused by heat, cold, friction, chemicals, electricity, or radiation.

Answer 60

burn

Question 61

this type or burn, stratum basale remains viable, and regeneration of the epidermis occurs from within the burn area

Answer 61

partial-thickness burns

Question 62

two types of partial-thickness burns

Answer 62

first and second degree burns

Question 63

involve only the epidermis and may result in redness, pain, and slight edema (swelling)

Answer 63

first degree burns

Question 64

damage the epidermis and dermis. Minimal dermal damage causes redness, pain, edema, and blisters. Healing takes approximately 2 weeks, and no scarring results

Answer 64

second degree burns

Question 65

The epidermis and dermis are completely destroyed, and deeper tissue may be involved.

Answer 65

full-thickness burns or third degree burns

Question 66

extremely severe burns that affect tissues deeper than the subcutaneous tissue

Answer 66

fourth degree burns