INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards
(24 cards)
DERMATOLOGY
-medical speciality which deals with diagnosis and tx of skin disorders
DERMIS
-outer protective layer of body
-cells found in any connective tissue proper (fibroblasts, macrophages, occasional mast and white blood cells.)
-hair follicles, oil and sweat glands derive from epidermis but found in dermis
HYPODERMIS
-deepest layer, not part of skin but shares skins protective functions
-anchors skin to underlying structures (mostly muscles)
KERATINOCYTES
CELL TYPE
-arranged in 4-5 layers
-produce keratin
-protection, waterproofing
LANGERHANS CELLS
CELL TYPE
-known as dentritic cells from red blood marrow
-in immune response of the skin by helping other cells recongnize invading microbes
MELANOCYTES
CELL TYPE
-develop from ectoderm of a developing embryo
-produce melanin that covers skin and absorbs UV light
MERKEL CELLS
CELL TYPE
-known as tactile cells
-least concentrated cell in the epidermis
-located in deepest layer and detect touch sensation
PAPILLARY REGION
REGION OF DERMIS
-consists of thin collagen and elastic fibres
-dermal papillae increase SA of dermis
RETICULAR REGION
REGION OF DERMIS
-consists of thick collagen fibres, fibroblasts and macrophages
adipose cells found in deepest part of dermis
-blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, sweat glands are all in spaces between fibres
SKIN FEATURES
- Epidermal Ridges - produced from downward projection of epidermis between dermal papillae (grooves on palms, fingers, soles and toes)
- Fingerprints - sweat glands on top of epidermal ridges help to form fingertips in conjunction with epidermal ridges
MELANIN
SKIN COLOR PIGMENT
-absorbs UV light and protects underlying DNA from UV damage
-grey hair = decrease in melanin production
HEMOGLOBIN
SKIN COLOR PIGMENT
-red to pink in color
-due to hemoglobin in blood
CAROTENE
SKIN COLOR PIGMENT
-yellow to orange
-stored in corneum stratum and fatty areas
HAIR GROWTH STAGES
growth, regression and rest
HAIR TYPES
LANUGO: very fine which cover body of fetus
TERMINAL HAIRS: long, course, heavily pigmented hair
VELLUS HAIRS: peach fuzz, short, very fine, pale hairs
GLAND TYPES
- SEBACEOUS (OIL GLANDS)
- SUDORIFEROUS (SWEAT GLANDS)
- CERUMINOUS
SEBACEOUS
GLAND TYPE
-oil gland mostly connected to hair follicles
-secreting portion lies in dermis and opens into neck of follicle
-secrete seloum (triglycerides, cholesterol, proteins)
SUDORIFEROUS
GLAND TYPE
-sweat gland
release into hair follicles or pores
-eccrine (thermoregulation) and apocrine glands (BO smell)
CERUMINOUS
GLAND TYPE
-found in external ear
-secrete cerumen (ear wax)
NAILS
-tightly packed, hard, dead keratinized epidermal cells
-form a solid, clear covering
NAIL FUNCTIONS
- protect distal end of digits
- provide support and counter pressure enhancing touch perception
- allow grasp and to manipulate small objects and scratch
FUNCTIONS OF INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
- protection
- maintain body temp
- cutaneous sensation
- synthesis of vitamin D
- blood reservoir
- excretion/absorption
SKIN
LARGEST ORGAN IN BODY!!
REGIONS OF THE DERMIS
- Papillary Region
- Reticular Region
